How to Grow Microgreens at Home in the UK: Complete Guide

Growing microgreens at home is one of the quickest and easiest ways to produce fresh, edible greens, even when you don’t have a garden or allotment.

Whether you have a sunny kitchen windowsill, a conservatory, a spare room or a small indoor growing area, microgreens can provide delicious harvests throughout the year.

They’re particularly useful during autumn and winter, when shorter days and colder weather make outdoor vegetable growing more challenging.

One of the biggest advantages of microgreens is how quickly they grow.

Depending on the variety and growing conditions, some microgreens can be ready to harvest in approximately seven to fourteen days.

Others, such as pea shoots, may take a little longer.

You don’t need expensive equipment to get started, and you can grow a surprising amount of fresh produce in a relatively small space.

Here at Gardening with Ben, I’m always interested in ways gardeners can continue growing food throughout the year. Microgreens are a fantastic option for beginners, experienced gardeners and anyone wanting to make better use of their indoor growing space.

In this complete guide, we’ll explore how to grow microgreens at home in the UK, including choosing seeds, preparing trays, sowing, watering, lighting, harvesting and dealing with common growing problems.

What Are Microgreens?

Microgreens are young edible plants harvested shortly after germination, usually when their first true leaves are beginning to develop.

They are grown from the seeds of vegetables, herbs and other edible crops.

Unlike mature vegetables, microgreens are harvested while still very small.

The leaves and tender stems are normally eaten.

Microgreens Growing Facts

Feature	Details
Crop type	Young edible seedlings
Growing location	Indoors or suitably protected areas
Main growing season	All year with suitable conditions
Germination	Often 2–7 days
Harvesting	Commonly 7–21 days after sowing
Light requirements	Bright light after germination
Containers	Shallow trays with drainage
Growing medium	Suitable clean seed compost or growing mats
Watering	Keep moist without waterlogging
Difficulty	Beginner-friendly
Space required	Small
Best uses	Salads, sandwiches, garnishes and cooked dishes

Timings vary by species, temperature and light conditions.

What Is the Difference Between Microgreens and Sprouts?

Microgreens and sprouts are not the same thing.

Although both are produced from germinating seeds, they are grown and harvested differently.

Microgreens

Microgreens are normally grown in a growing medium.

They receive light and develop small leaves.

The stems and leaves are cut above the growing medium.

The roots are left behind.

Sprouts

Sprouts are generally grown without a conventional growing medium and are eaten at an earlier stage.

They are often consumed with the seed and root attached.

Why Does the Difference Matter?

The growing methods, hygiene requirements and harvesting practices differ.

Both require careful food safety practices, but sprouts are particularly associated with bacterial contamination risks because they are commonly produced in warm, moist conditions and eaten whole.

Microgreens should also be grown hygienically and handled as fresh produce.

Why Grow Microgreens at Home?

There are several advantages to growing microgreens.

Quick Harvests

Many varieties can be harvested within two weeks.

Small Growing Space

A single shallow tray can produce a useful quantity of fresh greens.

Suitable for Beginners

Microgreens are relatively straightforward to grow.

Year-Round Production

With suitable indoor light and temperatures, they can be grown throughout the year.

Variety of Flavours

Different microgreens offer different flavours, from mild pea shoots to spicy radish.

Fresh Produce

You can harvest small quantities when needed.

Low Equipment Requirements

You can begin with basic trays, suitable seeds and compost.

Best Microgreens to Grow at Home in the UK

Some microgreens are easier and quicker than others.

For beginners, I recommend starting with a small selection of reliable crops.

Radish Microgreens

Radish is one of the quickest microgreens to grow.

It produces attractive leaves and stems with a peppery flavour.

Radish microgreens are excellent in salads and sandwiches.

They often reach harvesting size in approximately seven to ten days.

Pea Shoots

Pea shoots are popular because of their sweet, fresh flavour.

They produce attractive tendrils and tender leaves.

Pea shoots are useful in salads, stir-fries and garnishes.

They often take approximately ten to twenty-one days to reach a suitable harvesting size.

Broccoli Microgreens

Broccoli microgreens have a mild brassica flavour.

They are a popular choice for salads and garnishes.

Mustard Microgreens

Mustard produces spicy, peppery greens.

It is useful for gardeners who enjoy stronger flavours.

Cress

Cress is a familiar and easy-to-grow crop.

It can be grown in shallow trays and harvested young.

Rocket Microgreens

Rocket produces tender leaves with a distinctive peppery flavour.

Sunflower Microgreens

Sunflower microgreens produce relatively substantial stems and leaves.

They have a mild, nutty flavour.

Use seeds specifically suitable for edible microgreen production.

Basil Microgreens

Basil microgreens have an aromatic flavour.

However, they generally require more warmth and can be slower to establish.

Microgreens Growing Time Comparison

Microgreen	Approximate harvest time	Flavour
Radish	7–10 days	Peppery
Mustard	7–14 days	Spicy
Cress	7–14 days	Peppery
Broccoli	8–14 days	Mild brassica
Rocket	10–16 days	Peppery
Pea shoots	10–21 days	Sweet and fresh
Sunflower	10–16 days	Mild and nutty
Basil	14–28 days	Aromatic

These are general estimates. Cooler conditions and poor light may slow growth.

What Equipment Do You Need to Grow Microgreens?

You don’t need an expensive indoor growing system.

A simple setup is often enough.

Seed Trays

Use shallow trays suitable for growing seedlings.

Trays with drainage holes are preferable.

Waterproof Tray

Place a waterproof tray underneath to collect excess water.

Growing Medium

Use a suitable clean seed compost or microgreen growing mat.

Seeds

Choose seeds sold for edible microgreen production.

Watering Equipment

A small watering can or suitable spray bottle can be useful.

Light Source

A bright windowsill may be adequate during spring and summer.

During darker months, supplementary growing lights can improve results.

Clean Scissors

Use clean scissors when harvesting.

What Are the Best Trays for Growing Microgreens?

Shallow trays are ideal.

Microgreens generally don’t need deep containers because they are harvested while young.

Trays with Drainage

Drainage helps prevent waterlogging.

Trays Without Drainage

These can be used as outer trays to catch excess water.

Reusing Containers

Suitable food-safe containers may be reused if cleaned thoroughly and provided with appropriate drainage.

Avoid containers that previously held hazardous substances.

How Deep Should a Microgreen Tray Be?

A growing depth of approximately 3–5cm is usually sufficient for many microgreens.

Pea shoots and sunflower microgreens may benefit from slightly more growing medium.

Best Compost for Growing Microgreens

A clean, fine-textured seed compost is suitable for many microgreens.

Why Use Seed Compost?

Seed compost provides a suitable structure for germination and early root development.

Peat-Free Compost

Good-quality peat-free seed compost is an excellent choice.

Avoid Heavy Garden Soil

Garden soil may contain weed seeds, pests and unwanted microorganisms.

It can also become compacted in shallow trays.

Can You Grow Microgreens Without Compost?

Yes.

Some microgreens can be grown on suitable food-safe growing mats.

However, growing mats must be kept appropriately moist.

For beginners, compost is often the easiest option.

How to Grow Microgreens Step by Step

Growing microgreens is straightforward once you understand the basic process.

Step 1: Clean Your Equipment

Wash and clean trays before use.

If trays have been used previously, remove old compost and plant debris.

Step 2: Fill the Tray

Add approximately 3–5cm of suitable compost.

Step 3: Level the Surface

Gently level and firm the compost.

Avoid excessive compaction.

Step 4: Moisten the Compost

Water lightly so the compost is evenly moist.

Step 5: Sow the Seeds

Scatter seeds evenly across the surface.

Microgreens are normally sown more densely than vegetables intended to grow to maturity.

However, avoid piling seeds on top of one another.

Step 6: Cover if Necessary

Some seeds benefit from a light covering of compost.

Others can be pressed onto the surface.

Follow the seed supplier’s instructions.

Step 7: Provide Suitable Germination Conditions

Keep the tray at an appropriate temperature.

Some crops benefit from a brief covered germination period, but avoid prolonged darkness or excessive humidity.

Step 8: Provide Light

Once seedlings emerge, move them into bright light.

Step 9: Maintain Moisture

Keep the growing medium moist without waterlogging.

Step 10: Harvest

Cut the microgreens above the growing medium when they reach a suitable size.

How Thickly Should You Sow Microgreens?

Microgreens are usually sown densely.

However, the correct sowing rate depends on seed size and crop type.

Small Seeds

Radish, broccoli and mustard seeds can be distributed relatively densely.

Large Seeds

Peas and sunflower seeds require more space.

Avoid Overcrowding

Excessively dense sowing can lead to:

• Poor airflow
• Uneven germination
• Weak growth
• Increased mould risk
• Difficult harvesting

Follow seed supplier recommendations where available.

Do You Need to Soak Microgreen Seeds?

Some microgreen seeds benefit from soaking before sowing.

Others should be sown dry.

Pea Seeds

Peas are often soaked for several hours before sowing.

This can help begin the germination process.

Sunflower Seeds

Sunflower seeds may also benefit from soaking, depending on the supplier’s instructions.

Small Seeds

Small seeds such as radish and broccoli are generally sown without soaking.

Important Food Safety Advice

Use clean drinking-quality water.

Avoid prolonged soaking at warm temperatures.

Discard seeds that smell unpleasant or show signs of spoilage.

Follow the supplier’s instructions.

Do Microgreens Need Sunlight?

Microgreens need light once they begin developing leaves.

Bright Windowsills

A bright windowsill can be suitable.

Winter Growing

During November, December and January, natural daylight may be insufficient for strong growth.

Growing Lights

A suitable LED growing light can help provide more consistent light.

Signs of Insufficient Light

Seedlings may become:

• Tall and thin
• Pale
• Weak
• Bent towards the light

Avoid Excessive Heat

Strong sunlight through glass can sometimes overheat shallow trays.

Monitor conditions carefully.

Best Temperature for Growing Microgreens

Different crops have different temperature preferences.

Many common microgreens grow well at ordinary indoor temperatures of approximately 18–22°C.

Cool Conditions

Growth may become slower.

Excessive Heat

High temperatures can increase moisture loss and encourage some problems.

Temperature Consistency

Avoid placing trays directly beside very hot radiators or in cold draughts.

How Often Should You Water Microgreens?

Microgreens need consistent moisture during germination and growth.

However, waterlogged compost can encourage fungal problems.

Before Germination

Keep the growing medium evenly moist.

After Germination

Water when necessary to prevent the root zone from drying out.

Bottom Watering

Bottom watering can be useful.

Add water to the outer tray and allow moisture to move into the growing medium.

Remove excess standing water after the compost has absorbed what it needs.

Avoid Overwatering

Excess moisture can encourage mould and poor root health.

Check Daily

Because microgreens grow in shallow trays, moisture levels can change quickly.

Do Microgreens Need Fertiliser?

Most microgreens don’t require additional fertiliser during their short growing period.

Seeds contain reserves that support early growth.

Suitable compost may also provide some nutrients.

When Might Feeding Be Necessary?

For longer-growing crops or specialised systems, additional nutrients may sometimes be used.

However, beginners growing ordinary microgreens in compost generally don’t need a feeding programme.

Avoid Excessive Fertiliser

Too much fertiliser can damage young roots and encourage unwanted growth.

Can You Grow Microgreens Indoors All Year?

Yes.

Microgreens are particularly suitable for year-round indoor growing.

However, conditions vary throughout the year.

Spring

Increasing daylight can make growing easier.

Summer

Growth can be quick, but trays may dry out rapidly.

Autumn

Indoor growing is an excellent way to continue producing fresh greens.

Winter

Supplementary lighting may be useful because daylight hours are short.

Growing Microgreens in Winter in the UK

Winter is one of the most useful times to grow microgreens.

When outdoor vegetable beds are less productive, a few indoor trays can provide fresh greens.

Choose Fast-Growing Crops

Radish, mustard and cress are useful options.

Provide Adequate Light

A bright windowsill or suitable growing light can help.

Maintain Suitable Temperatures

Avoid cold windowsills at night.

Monitor Moisture

Indoor heating can dry out compost.

Improve Airflow

Avoid keeping trays permanently sealed in humid conditions.

Can You Grow Microgreens in a Greenhouse?

Yes, but conditions must be suitable.

Spring and Summer

A greenhouse may provide adequate warmth and light.

Winter

An unheated greenhouse can become too cold for reliable growth.

Hygiene

Keep growing surfaces and equipment clean.

Temperature Control

Avoid overheating during sunny weather.

For year-round production, an indoor growing area is generally more reliable.

When Are Microgreens Ready to Harvest?

Most microgreens are harvested after their seed leaves have opened and, depending on the crop, when the first true leaves are beginning to appear.

Signs They’re Ready

Look for:

• Healthy colour
• Upright stems
• Developed seed leaves
• Suitable height
• Fresh appearance

How Tall Should Microgreens Be?

Harvesting height depends on the variety.

Many microgreens are harvested at approximately 5–10cm tall.

Pea shoots may be harvested taller.

Should You Wait for True Leaves?

Not always.

Some crops are harvested mainly at the seed-leaf stage.

Others are allowed to develop their first true leaves.

How to Harvest Microgreens Correctly

Step 1: Wash Your Hands

Handle edible crops hygienically.

Step 2: Prepare Clean Scissors

Use clean, sharp scissors.

Step 3: Choose Healthy Growth

Do not harvest visibly mouldy, slimy or spoiled plants.

Step 4: Cut Above the Compost

Cut the stems above the growing medium.

Step 5: Collect Carefully

Avoid allowing cut greens to fall into the compost.

Step 6: Inspect the Harvest

Remove seed hulls and unwanted debris.

Step 7: Use Promptly

Microgreens are best enjoyed fresh.

Wash appropriately before eating.

Do Microgreens Grow Back After Cutting?

Most microgreens are treated as a single-harvest crop.

Once harvested, the tray is cleared and resown.

Can Pea Shoots Regrow?

Pea shoots may produce additional growth if cut above suitable growing points.

However, the second harvest may be smaller or less consistent.

Can Other Microgreens Regrow?

Some may produce limited regrowth, but this isn’t reliable for most common microgreen crops.

Best Approach

For consistent quality, start a fresh tray after harvesting.

How to Grow a Continuous Supply of Microgreens

Succession sowing is an excellent way to maintain regular harvests.

Week One

Sow your first tray.

Week Two

Sow another tray.

Week Three

Harvest suitable crops from the first tray and sow again.

Continue the Cycle

Adjust sowing frequency according to how many microgreens you eat.

Why Succession Sowing Works

It helps prevent having too many microgreens ready at once.

It also makes better use of limited growing space.

Common Problems When Growing Microgreens

Mould on Microgreens

Mould is one of the most common concerns.

Possible causes include:

• Excessive moisture
• Poor airflow
• Overcrowding
• Contaminated equipment
• Unsuitable growing conditions

How to Reduce Mould

Use clean trays and suitable seeds.

Avoid overwatering.

Maintain airflow.

Don’t leave trays covered for longer than necessary.

Are White Roots Always Mould?

No.

Some microgreens develop fine white root hairs that can look like mould.

Root hairs are normally concentrated around the roots and do not have the same spreading appearance as fungal growth.

If you are unsure whether a tray is contaminated, don’t eat the crop.

Yellow Microgreens

Yellow seedlings may simply have been grown in darkness.

They should develop green colour after receiving suitable light.

Persistent yellowing may indicate poor light or other growing problems.

Leggy Microgreens

Tall, weak growth often indicates insufficient light.

Uneven Germination

Possible causes include inconsistent moisture, uneven sowing, temperature variation or poor seed quality.

Seedlings Falling Over

This may result from overcrowding, weak growth or damping-off disease.

Slow Growth

Low temperatures and poor light are common causes.

Food Safety When Growing Microgreens

Because microgreens are often eaten raw, hygiene is particularly important.

Use Suitable Seeds

Choose seeds sold for edible microgreen production.

Avoid ordinary chemically treated agricultural seed.

Clean Equipment

Wash trays and tools between crops.

Use Clean Water

Use drinking-quality water.

Choose a Clean Growing Medium

Avoid contaminated compost or soil.

Prevent Animal Contamination

Keep trays away from pets, pests and animal waste.

Remove Spoiled Crops

Discard trays showing obvious mould, slime or unpleasant odours.

Wash Before Eating

Handle microgreens as fresh produce and wash appropriately.

Higher-Risk Individuals

Raw microgreens, like other raw produce, can carry harmful microorganisms.

People at greater risk from foodborne illness may prefer to eat them thoroughly cooked rather than raw.

How to Store Harvested Microgreens

Microgreens are best used soon after harvesting.

Refrigeration

Store harvested microgreens in a clean food-safe container in the refrigerator.

Moisture Control

Excess moisture can encourage spoilage.

Avoid storing them soaking wet.

Storage Time

Storage life varies by crop and handling conditions.

For best quality, use them promptly.

Check Before Eating

Discard greens that become slimy, mouldy or unpleasant-smelling.

Best Ways to Eat Microgreens

Microgreens can add flavour, colour and texture to meals.

Salads

Add fresh microgreens to mixed salads.

Sandwiches

Pea shoots and radish microgreens are excellent in sandwiches.

Soups

Use microgreens as a garnish or add suitable varieties near the end of cooking.

Stir-Fries

Pea shoots can be added to stir-fries.

Omelettes

Microgreens can add flavour to egg dishes.

Jacket Potatoes

Use microgreens as a fresh topping.

Pasta

Add suitable microgreens to pasta dishes.

Are Microgreens Healthy?

Microgreens can contribute vitamins, minerals and other plant compounds to the diet.

However, nutrient content varies considerably between species, growing conditions and harvesting stages.

They are a useful addition to a varied diet, but they shouldn’t be treated as a substitute for eating a wide range of vegetables.

Can You Save Money Growing Microgreens?

Growing microgreens at home can be economical, particularly if you use reusable trays and buy suitable seeds in larger quantities.

However, costs depend on:

• Seed prices
• Growing medium
• Electricity for lighting
• Water
• Equipment
• Crop success
• How frequently you harvest

Keeping Costs Down

Reuse clean trays.

Grow varieties you enjoy eating.

Avoid unnecessary equipment.

Sow only what you can use.

Best Microgreens for Beginners

If you’re new to growing microgreens, start with reliable crops.

Radish

Fast-growing and easy to recognise.

Cress

Simple and familiar.

Pea Shoots

Excellent flavour and useful harvests.

Mustard

Quick-growing with a distinctive taste.

Broccoli

A popular choice for mild-flavoured microgreens.

Start with one or two varieties before expanding.

Frequently Asked Questions About Growing Microgreens

What Are Microgreens?

Microgreens are young edible seedlings harvested shortly after germination.

Can You Grow Microgreens in the UK?

Yes. They can be grown indoors throughout the year.

Are Microgreens Easy to Grow?

Many varieties are beginner-friendly.

How Long Do Microgreens Take to Grow?

Many are ready within approximately 7–21 days.

Can You Grow Microgreens on a Windowsill?

Yes, provided there is enough light.

Can You Grow Microgreens in Winter?

Yes. Supplementary lighting may improve results during darker months.

Do Microgreens Need Compost?

Not always. Some can be grown on suitable growing mats.

Do Microgreens Need Fertiliser?

Most don’t need additional feeding during their short growing period.

How Often Should You Water Microgreens?

Check daily and water as necessary to maintain suitable moisture.

Do Microgreens Need Sunlight?

They need adequate light after germination.

Can You Grow Microgreens Without a Grow Light?

Yes, if natural light is sufficient.

Can You Grow Microgreens in a Greenhouse?

Yes, when temperatures and hygiene conditions are suitable.

What Are the Fastest Microgreens to Grow?

Radish, mustard and cress are among the faster options.

Can You Grow Pea Shoots as Microgreens?

Yes. Pea shoots are a popular microgreen crop.

Can You Grow Sunflower Microgreens?

Yes. Use suitable seeds intended for edible microgreen production.

Do Microgreens Grow Back After Harvesting?

Most are treated as single-harvest crops, although some pea shoots may regrow.

Why Are My Microgreens Mouldy?

Excess moisture, poor airflow, overcrowding or contamination may be responsible.

Are Microgreens Safe to Eat Raw?

They can be eaten raw, but careful hygiene is essential because raw produce can carry harmful microorganisms.

How Do You Harvest Microgreens?

Cut the edible stems above the growing medium using clean scissors.

How Long Can You Store Microgreens?

They are best used promptly after harvesting and stored refrigerated.

Final Thoughts: Growing Microgreens at Home in the UK

Growing microgreens is a fantastic way to enjoy fresh, homegrown produce throughout the year.

You don’t need a large garden, greenhouse or allotment to get started.

A few shallow trays, suitable seeds and a bright growing position are enough to begin experimenting.

The key to success is choosing reliable varieties, keeping equipment clean, providing sufficient light and maintaining consistent moisture without waterlogging.

Radish, mustard, cress and pea shoots are excellent choices for beginners.

Once you’ve mastered the basics, you can experiment with different varieties and create a regular succession of fresh harvests.

Microgreens are particularly useful during autumn and winter, when outdoor growing opportunities are more limited.

Whether you’re growing them on a kitchen windowsill or using a dedicated indoor growing area, they offer a quick and enjoyable way to keep gardening throughout the year.

Keep smiling, keep shining, keep gardening with Ben!