The Best 20 Varieties of Yam to Grow: Tips, Facts, and Information

Yams are starchy tubers that belong to the Dioscorea genus and are often confused with sweet potatoes. Known for their earthy flavor and versatility in cooking, yams are a staple in many cuisines, particularly in African, Caribbean, and Asian dishes. They are rich in carbohydrates, fiber, and essential nutrients, making them a healthy addition to your diet. Growing yams can be rewarding, as they thrive in warm climates and can produce large yields. Here’s a look at the best 20 varieties of yam to grow, along with helpful tips and interesting facts about each.

1. Dioscorea rotundata (White Yam)

Facts: This is the most common yam variety, characterized by its white flesh and mild flavor.
Tips: Ideal for boiling and frying; prefers well-drained, loamy soil.

2. Dioscorea alata (Purple Yam)

Facts: Known for its vibrant purple skin and sweet, creamy flesh; often used in desserts.
Tips: Thrives in warm, humid conditions; great for baking and cooking.

3. Yellow Yam (Dioscorea cayenensis)

Facts: This variety has a yellow flesh and a slightly sweeter taste compared to white yam.
Tips: Best harvested when mature; ideal for boiling and making porridge.

4. Water Yam (Dioscorea alata)

Facts: Grows in wetland areas; known for its high water content and tender texture.
Tips: Requires consistent moisture; great for soups and stews.

5. Chinese Yam (Dioscorea opposita)

Facts: This variety is known for its long, cylindrical shape and mild flavor; often used in Asian dishes.
Tips: Ideal for stir-fries; grows well in rich, well-drained soil.

6. African Yam Bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa)

Facts: This unique variety produces edible tubers and beans, offering both food and nutritional value.
Tips: Best grown in well-drained soil; ideal for traditional African dishes.

7. Bitter Yam (Dioscorea dumetorum)

Facts: Known for its strong flavor, this variety requires proper preparation to be palatable.
Tips: Often used in traditional remedies; best cooked thoroughly.

8. Nigerian Yam (Dioscorea rotundata)

Facts: A popular variety in West Africa, known for its large tubers and high yield.
Tips: Requires ample space to grow; ideal for traditional Nigerian dishes.

9. Gold Yam

Facts: A variety with golden-yellow flesh, known for its sweet flavor and creamy texture.
Tips: Excellent for baking and mashing; thrives in warm climates.

10. Okinawa Sweet Potato (Dioscorea batatas)

Facts: Often confused with sweet potatoes, this variety has a sweet flavor and purple skin.
Tips: Best harvested when mature; great for desserts and side dishes.

11. Burgundy Yam

Facts: Known for its reddish-brown skin and creamy white flesh; has a slightly sweet flavor.
Tips: Ideal for roasting; prefers warm, well-drained soil.

12. Japanese Yam (Dioscorea japonica)

Facts: A popular variety in Japanese cuisine, known for its mild flavor and creamy texture.
Tips: Best harvested when young; great for soups and stews.

13. Dwarf Yam

Facts: A compact variety that is perfect for container gardening; produces smaller tubers.
Tips: Requires regular watering and nutrient-rich soil.

14. Tannia (Dioscorea trifida)

Facts: Known for its unique flavor and creamy texture; often used in Caribbean dishes.
Tips: Best harvested when mature; great for boiling and mashing.

15. Sri Lankan Yam (Dioscorea alata)

Facts: A variety known for its large tubers and sweet flavor; popular in Sri Lankan cuisine.
Tips: Requires warm, humid conditions for optimal growth.

16. Korean Yam (Dioscorea opposita)

Facts: This variety has a smooth texture and mild flavor; often used in Korean cooking.
Tips: Best harvested young; great for stir-fries and salads.

17. White Guinea Yam

Facts: Known for its high starch content and smooth texture; commonly used in West African dishes.
Tips: Requires consistent moisture; ideal for traditional recipes.

18. Flame Yam

Facts: This variety has a striking orange skin and is known for its sweet, tender flesh.
Tips: Great for roasting and baking; thrives in warm climates.

19. Thai Yam (Dioscorea esculenta)

Facts: A popular variety in Thai cuisine, known for its unique flavor and creamy texture.
Tips: Best harvested when the tubers are mature; great for curries and soups.

20. Kumu Yam

Facts: This variety is known for its sweet flavor and smooth texture; often used in Hawaiian dishes.
Tips: Requires well-drained soil; best harvested when the skin is firm.

Common Questions About Growing Yam

Q: When is the best time to plant yams?
A: Yams should be planted in late spring to early summer when the soil temperature is consistently warm.

Q: How much sunlight do yams need?
A: Yams thrive in full sun, requiring at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight per day.

Q: How do I care for yam plants?
A: Keep the soil consistently moist but well-drained. Regularly check for pests and diseases.

Q: Can I grow yams in containers?
A: Yes, yams can be grown in large containers (at least 15 gallons) with good drainage.

Q: What pests should I watch for when growing yams?
A: Common pests include root weevils and aphids. Regular monitoring and organic pest control methods can help manage these issues.