How to Plant Bare-Root Trees and Shrubs in February

Introduction

February is an excellent time to plant bare-root trees and shrubs in your garden or allotment. These plants are grown in open fields, lifted while dormant, and sold without soil around their roots. Bare-root plants are not only cost-effective but also establish quickly when planted correctly during the dormant season.

This guide covers everything you need to know about planting bare-root trees and shrubs in February, including preparation, planting techniques, aftercare, and tips to ensure their success.

Why Plant Bare-Root Trees and Shrubs in February?

• Dormant Season: Trees and shrubs planted during dormancy experience less stress and adapt more quickly.
• Cost-Effective: Bare-root plants are often more affordable than potted alternatives.
• Wide Selection: February offers a variety of bare-root fruit trees, ornamental shrubs, and hedging plants.
• Improved Establishment: Bare-root plants grow strong root systems when planted during cooler months.

Benefits of Bare-Root Trees and Shrubs

1. Better Root Development: Bare-root plants grow directly into their new soil, avoiding transplant shock.
2. Easier Handling: Without heavy soil or pots, bare-root plants are lightweight and easy to transport.
3. Eco-Friendly: Minimal packaging and reduced plastic use make them a sustainable choice.
4. Increased Availability: Many specialty varieties are only available as bare-root plants.

Step-by-Step Guide to Planting Bare-Root Trees and Shrubs

Step 1: Choose the Right Location

• Why It Matters: Selecting the right spot ensures optimal growth and long-term success.
• Tips:
  • Ensure adequate sunlight for the plant’s needs (full sun for most fruit trees).
  • Avoid waterlogged areas; good drainage is essential for healthy roots.
  • Allow space for the plant’s mature size to avoid overcrowding.

Step 2: Prepare the Soil

• Why It Matters: Well-prepared soil promotes strong root growth.
• How to Prepare:
  • Remove weeds and grass from the planting area.
  • Loosen the soil to a depth of 18–24 inches.
  • Mix in compost or well-rotted manure to improve soil fertility.
  • Test the soil pH if possible; adjust with lime or sulfur as needed.

Step 3: Unpack and Soak the Roots

• Why It Matters: Soaking rehydrates the roots and prevents drying out.
• How to Do It:
  • Unpack the plant immediately upon arrival.
  • Trim any damaged or broken roots with clean, sharp pruners.
  • Soak the roots in a bucket of water for 1–2 hours before planting.

Step 4: Dig the Planting Hole

• Why It Matters: A properly sized hole allows the roots to spread out naturally.
• How to Dig:
  • Make the hole twice as wide as the root spread and slightly deeper than the root ball.
  • Loosen the bottom of the hole to help roots penetrate the soil.

Step 5: Plant the Tree or Shrub

• Why It Matters: Correct planting depth ensures stability and healthy growth.
• Steps:
  • Position the plant so the root collar (where the roots meet the stem) is at soil level.
  • Spread the roots out evenly in the hole.
  • Backfill the hole with soil, gently firming it down to remove air pockets.
  • Avoid burying the stem too deeply, as this can lead to rot.

Step 6: Water Thoroughly

• Why It Matters: Watering settles the soil and helps the roots establish.
• How to Water:
  • Water the plant deeply immediately after planting.
  • Ensure the soil around the roots stays moist but not waterlogged.

Step 7: Add Mulch

• Why It Matters: Mulch conserves moisture, suppresses weeds, and regulates soil temperature.
• How to Mulch:
  • Apply a 2–3 inch layer of organic mulch (e.g., bark, straw, or compost) around the base of the plant.
  • Leave a gap around the stem to prevent rot.

Step 8: Stake if Necessary

• Why It Matters: Staking provides stability for young trees exposed to wind.
• How to Stake:
  • Use a sturdy stake driven into the ground next to the plant.
  • Secure the trunk to the stake with soft ties, allowing some movement to strengthen the tree.

Aftercare for Bare-Root Trees and Shrubs

1. Watering: Keep the soil consistently moist during the first year, especially in dry spells.
2. Pruning: Prune the plant after planting to encourage branching and remove damaged stems.
3. Fertilizing: Wait until spring to apply a balanced fertilizer to support growth.
4. Weed Control: Keep the area around the base free of weeds to reduce competition for nutrients.
5. Inspect Regularly: Check for pests, diseases, or damage and address issues promptly.

Best Bare-Root Trees and Shrubs to Plant in February

1. Fruit Trees

• Examples: Apple, pear, plum, cherry.
• Why: Perfect for orchards or home gardens, providing delicious harvests.

2. Hedging Plants

• Examples: Hawthorn, privet, hornbeam, beech.
• Why: Create attractive, functional boundaries or windbreaks.

3. Flowering Shrubs

• Examples: Roses, lilacs, forsythia, hydrangeas.
• Why: Add color and fragrance to your garden.

4. Native Trees

• Examples: Oak, birch, hazel.
• Why: Support local wildlife and improve biodiversity.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

1. Planting Too Deeply

• Always position the root collar at soil level to avoid rot.

2. Neglecting to Soak Roots

• Dry roots can struggle to establish. Always rehydrate before planting.

3. Overwatering or Underwatering

• Keep the soil moist but not soggy; balance is key.

4. Failing to Mulch

• Mulch protects roots and improves soil health but should not touch the stem.

5. Skipping Pruning

• Pruning encourages healthy growth and prevents weak, leggy plants.

Top 10 Questions About Planting Bare-Root Trees and Shrubs

1. What are bare-root trees and shrubs?
Bare-root plants are sold without soil around their roots, typically during their dormant season.

2. Why plant bare-root trees in February?
February is ideal because plants are dormant, making it easier for them to establish before active growth begins.

3. How long can I store bare-root plants before planting?
Plant them as soon as possible. If necessary, keep them in a cool, dark place and moisten the roots to prevent drying out.

4. Do bare-root trees need staking?
Yes, staking may be necessary for stability, especially in windy areas.

5. How deep should I plant a bare-root tree?
The root collar should be at soil level, with roots fully covered but not the stem.

6. Can I plant bare-root shrubs in containers?
Yes, bare-root shrubs can be planted in containers with proper drainage and a quality potting mix.

7. How much water do bare-root trees need?
Water deeply after planting and keep the soil moist during the first year.

8. Should I fertilize bare-root plants immediately?
Wait until spring to apply fertilizer, as dormant plants don’t need extra nutrients.

9. What mulch is best for bare-root plants?
Organic mulch like bark, straw, or compost is ideal for moisture retention and weed suppression.

10. How long does it take for bare-root plants to establish?
Most bare-root plants establish within a year, with visible growth by spring or summer.

Conclusion

Planting bare-root trees and shrubs in February is an excellent way to enhance your garden or allotment. With proper preparation, planting techniques, and aftercare, these plants will establish quickly and thrive in the coming seasons. By taking advantage of this cost-effective and eco-friendly option, you’ll create a beautiful, productive outdoor space that will reward you for years to come.

Start planting your bare-root trees and shrubs today and watch your garden flourish!