Growing Raspberries in December: Tips and Advice for Winter Planting

While winter may seem like a time when the garden rests, there’s actually a lot you can do to prepare for a productive growing season. One of the best crops to plant in December is raspberries. These hardy fruiting plants thrive in cool temperatures and can be planted during the colder months to establish strong roots in time for spring growth. By getting raspberries in the ground now, you can look forward to a bountiful harvest of delicious berries by the summer.

In this guide, we’ll walk you through the steps to planting and growing raspberries in December, from choosing the best varieties to soil preparation and caring for your raspberry plants during the winter months.

Why Plant Raspberries in December?

Raspberries are perennial plants that go dormant in the winter, making this a great time to plant them. Planting raspberries in December allows the roots to settle and establish themselves while the plant is in its dormant stage, preparing them for vigorous growth in the spring. Winter planting also gives the canes time to acclimatize to their environment without the stress of producing leaves or fruit.

December-planted raspberries tend to be more robust and produce earlier and higher yields than those planted in the spring.

The Benefits of Planting Raspberries in December:

1. Early Establishment: Winter planting allows the roots to develop during dormancy, giving the plant a head start for spring growth.
2. Cold Tolerance: Raspberries are highly cold-tolerant, meaning they can withstand frost and low temperatures.
3. Stronger Plants: Raspberries planted in winter are less likely to experience transplant shock, allowing them to grow more vigorously when the weather warms up.
4. Higher Yields: By establishing raspberries early, you can enjoy a bigger and earlier harvest compared to spring-planted raspberries.

Choosing the Right Raspberry Varieties for Winter Planting

When planting raspberries in December, it’s important to select varieties that will thrive in your climate and soil conditions. Raspberries are typically classified into two types: summer-fruiting (floricane) and autumn-fruiting (primocane) varieties. The variety you choose will determine the timing of your harvest and the care your plants require.

Summer-Fruiting Raspberries:

• Heritage: A reliable and popular summer-fruiting variety that produces large, sweet berries. It’s hardy and well-suited for winter planting.
• Glen Ample: Known for its high yields and disease resistance, Glen Ample is a favorite among gardeners for its large, flavorful berries.
• Tulameen: A high-yielding variety that produces firm, sweet berries, making it perfect for fresh eating or freezing. Tulameen is well-suited to colder climates.

Autumn-Fruiting Raspberries:

• Autumn Bliss: This variety produces an abundant crop of medium-sized berries from late summer into autumn. It’s ideal for planting in December and offers a longer harvest period.
• Polka: Known for its large, sweet fruit, Polka is a vigorous autumn-fruiting raspberry that performs well even in cooler climates.
• Joan J: A thornless raspberry variety that produces high-quality berries in late summer and autumn. Joan J is a great choice for gardeners looking for an easy-to-harvest option.

Summer-fruiting raspberries produce fruit on canes that grew during the previous year, while autumn-fruiting raspberries produce berries on the current season’s growth. If you’re looking for an earlier harvest, go for summer-fruiting varieties. For a later, extended harvest, choose autumn-fruiting types.

Preparing the Soil for Raspberries

Like most fruiting plants, raspberries prefer well-drained, fertile soil. Preparing the soil properly is critical for the success of your raspberry plants, especially when planting in December.

Steps for Preparing the Soil:

1. Test the Soil: Raspberries thrive in slightly acidic soil with a pH between 5.5 and 6.5. Use a soil testing kit to determine the pH of your garden soil. If the pH is too high, amend it with sulfur to lower the pH. If it’s too low, add lime to raise it.
2. Improve Drainage: Raspberries need well-drained soil to prevent root rot, especially in winter when the ground may be wet. If your soil is heavy clay, improve drainage by adding organic matter like compost or peat moss, or consider planting in raised beds.
3. Incorporate Organic Matter: Before planting, enrich the soil with plenty of organic matter such as compost or well-rotted manure. This will provide essential nutrients and improve the soil structure.
4. Fertilize: While raspberries don’t need heavy feeding, applying a balanced fertilizer can help provide the nutrients they need to establish healthy root systems. A slow-release organic fertilizer is ideal for promoting long-term growth.

How to Plant Raspberries in December

Once your soil is prepared, it’s time to plant your raspberries. Whether you’re planting bare-root canes or potted plants, the process is simple and straightforward.

Planting Bare-Root Raspberries

1. Soak the Roots: If you’re planting bare-root raspberry canes, soak the roots in water for a few hours before planting to rehydrate them.
2. Dig the Hole: Dig a hole large enough to accommodate the roots of the raspberry cane, ensuring there is enough space for the roots to spread out.
3. Planting Depth: Place the raspberry cane in the hole so that the roots are just below the soil surface, and the cane’s crown is at or slightly above the soil line. Space the canes about 45-60cm (18-24 inches) apart, with 1.8m (6 feet) between rows.
4. Fill and Firm: Backfill the hole with soil, ensuring the roots are covered, and gently firm the soil around the base of the cane.
5. Water: Water the canes well after planting to help them settle into the soil.

Planting Potted Raspberries

If you’re planting raspberries from a pot, the process is similar to planting bare-root canes:

1. Loosen the Roots: Gently remove the plant from the pot and loosen the roots if they appear root-bound.
2. Planting Depth: Dig a hole large enough for the root ball, making sure the crown of the plant sits at or just above the soil surface.
3. Watering: After planting, water thoroughly to ensure the roots make good contact with the surrounding soil.

Caring for Raspberries Through Winter

Once your raspberries are planted, they require minimal care during the winter months. Since raspberries are dormant in December, the focus is on helping them establish healthy root systems.

Watering

Raspberries need regular moisture, but in winter, the soil is often naturally moist from rain or snow. Ensure that the soil remains damp but not waterlogged, as too much water can lead to root rot. If the soil is dry, water the plants lightly to keep the roots moist.

Mulching

Apply a thick layer of organic mulch around the base of the plants to protect the roots from freezing temperatures and to help retain soil moisture. Mulching with straw, wood chips, or well-rotted compost will also suppress weeds and improve soil structure over time.

Frost Protection

Raspberries are cold-hardy and can withstand light frosts, but young plants may benefit from extra protection during extremely cold weather. Use garden fleece or row covers if you’re expecting a particularly severe frost.

Pruning

Pruning is essential for maintaining healthy raspberry plants, but the method depends on whether you’re growing summer-fruiting or autumn-fruiting varieties.

• Summer-fruiting raspberries: These plants fruit on last year’s growth, so you should prune them after harvest in late summer. In the first year of planting, simply leave the canes to establish themselves and prune in the second year.
• Autumn-fruiting raspberries: These raspberries fruit on the current year’s growth, so you can cut back all the canes to ground level in late winter, around February. For now, let the canes overwinter and prune them in early spring.

Harvesting Raspberries

If you’ve planted summer-fruiting raspberries, you can expect to harvest your first crop by early to mid-summer. Autumn-fruiting varieties will begin producing fruit in late summer and continue into the fall.

Harvesting Tips:

• Pick When Ripe: Raspberries are ready to harvest when they are fully colored and come away from the cane easily. The berries should be firm but tender to the touch.
• Frequent Harvesting: Raspberries ripen over a few weeks, so check your plants regularly and pick the berries as they ripen.
• Storage: Freshly picked raspberries can be stored in the refrigerator for up to a week. They also freeze well—spread them on a tray and freeze them individually before transferring them to a freezer bag for long-term storage.

Conclusion

Planting raspberries in December is a great way to get ahead of the growing season and enjoy a bountiful harvest of fresh, juicy berries. With the right variety, proper soil preparation, and care through winter, you’ll set your raspberries up for success and ensure they produce strong, healthy canes and an abundant crop.

By following the tips in this guide, your raspberry plants will establish well over winter and reward you with sweet,

homegrown berries by the summer. Whether you’re planting summer-fruiting or autumn-fruiting varieties, raspberries are a rewarding addition to any garden.

Find out more things you can grow in December here

Growing Blueberries in December: Tips and Advice for Winter Planting

Winter might seem like a time when gardening slows down, but for some hardy plants like blueberries, it’s an excellent opportunity to get ahead. Blueberries, known for their delicious and antioxidant-rich fruits, can be successfully planted in December. By taking advantage of the cooler months, you give your blueberries a head start, allowing them to establish strong roots before the growing season kicks into full swing in spring.

In this guide, we’ll walk you through the process of planting and growing blueberries in December, offering tips on variety selection, soil preparation, winter care, and everything you need to ensure your blueberry bushes thrive and produce a bountiful harvest.

Why Plant Blueberries in December?

Planting blueberries in December has several benefits. While blueberries are dormant during the winter months, this is the perfect time to get them established in the garden. By planting them in the cooler weather, you allow the roots to develop in undisturbed soil, which helps the plants to grow more vigorously when spring arrives.

Blueberries are also highly frost-tolerant, so they can be planted when temperatures are low. Getting them in the ground during winter means they will be ready to produce a healthy crop of fruit by late spring or early summer.

Benefits of Planting Blueberries in December:

1. Dormant Period: Planting during dormancy allows the roots to establish themselves without the stress of supporting active growth.
2. Cold Tolerance: Blueberries are hardy and can handle frost, making them ideal for winter planting.
3. Early Establishment: By planting in December, the bushes have ample time to settle in and get established before the growing season begins, leading to stronger plants.
4. Maximized Growing Season: Getting your blueberries planted early ensures they take full advantage of the spring and summer seasons for fruit production.

Choosing the Right Blueberry Varieties for Winter Planting

Choosing the right variety is key to ensuring that your blueberries thrive when planted in winter. Blueberries are divided into three main types: Highbush, Lowbush, and Rabbiteye, each with their own advantages depending on your growing zone.

For most gardeners planting in December, Highbush varieties, especially Northern Highbush, are ideal as they are hardy and can withstand colder climates. However, if you’re gardening in a warmer region, you might opt for Rabbiteye or Southern Highbush varieties.

Recommended Blueberry Varieties for Winter Planting:

• Bluecrop: A Northern Highbush variety that’s extremely hardy and reliable, making it perfect for cold climates. It produces large, sweet berries and is known for being productive and easy to care for.
• Patriot: Another cold-hardy variety, Patriot performs well in less-than-ideal soil conditions and produces large, flavorful berries. It’s a good choice for gardeners in colder areas.
• Legacy: A versatile variety that thrives in both cold and moderate climates. It produces high yields of medium-sized, delicious berries and is great for fresh eating or freezing.
• Sunshine Blue: A compact Southern Highbush variety that is more suited to milder winters but still offers excellent frost tolerance. It also has attractive foliage and pink flowers.
• Jersey: This variety is well-known for producing abundant crops of sweet berries. It is hardy and works well in colder climates.

When selecting your blueberry variety, consider the chill hours (the amount of time below 7°C or 45°F that the plant requires to fruit), especially if you live in a milder climate. Most Northern Highbush varieties require 800-1,000 chill hours, while Rabbiteye varieties need fewer.

Preparing the Soil for Blueberry Planting

Blueberries have specific soil requirements, and getting the soil right is crucial to their success. They prefer acidic soil, with a pH level between 4.5 and 5.5. If your soil is not naturally acidic, you’ll need to amend it to create the right environment for blueberries.

Steps for Preparing Soil for Blueberries:

1. Test the Soil: Before planting, test the soil pH to ensure it’s within the right range (4.5-5.5). You can buy a soil testing kit at any garden center or send a sample to a local agricultural extension for testing.
2. Amend the Soil: If the pH is too high, you can lower it by adding ericaceous compost, sulfur, or peat moss to the planting area. Blueberries also thrive in well-drained, loamy soil. If your soil is heavy clay, consider planting in raised beds or adding sand to improve drainage.
3. Add Organic Matter: Incorporate plenty of organic material such as compost, pine needles, or well-rotted manure into the soil. Organic matter improves soil structure, helps retain moisture, and slowly releases nutrients, which blueberries need for healthy growth.
4. Drainage: Blueberries do not tolerate waterlogged soil. Ensure the planting area drains well, as standing water around the roots can lead to root rot. If needed, mound the soil or create raised beds to prevent water from pooling.

How to Plant Blueberries in December

Once the soil is prepared, it’s time to plant your blueberry bushes. Whether you’re planting bare-root plants or potted blueberries, the process is simple.

Planting Bare-Root Blueberries

1. Soak the Roots: If you’re planting bare-root blueberry bushes, soak the roots in water for a few hours before planting to rehydrate them.
2. Dig the Hole: Dig a hole that’s about twice the width of the root ball and slightly deeper than the plant’s current root depth. Blueberry roots tend to spread out rather than down, so give them plenty of horizontal space.
3. Planting Depth: Set the plant in the hole so that the top of the root ball is level with or just below the soil surface. Fill in with soil, gently firming it around the roots to eliminate air pockets.
4. Mulch: Mulch around the base of the plant with pine bark, wood chips, or pine needles. Mulching helps retain moisture, suppress weeds, and maintain the soil’s acidity.

Planting Potted Blueberries

If you’re planting a potted blueberry plant, the process is very similar:

1. Loosen the Roots: Remove the plant from the pot and gently loosen the roots if they are tightly bound.
2. Dig the Hole: Dig a hole twice as wide and about the same depth as the root ball.
3. Planting: Place the plant in the hole, making sure the top of the root ball is level with the soil surface. Backfill with soil and firm down gently.
4. Watering: Water the plant well after planting to help the roots settle in.

Caring for Blueberries Through Winter

Once your blueberries are planted, caring for them through the winter is fairly easy. Since blueberries are dormant during this time, they require little maintenance, but proper care will ensure they establish well for the spring growing season.

Watering

During winter, blueberries won’t need as much water as in the warmer months, but it’s important to keep the soil moist, especially if there are long periods of dry weather. Check the soil regularly, and water if the top 2-3 inches are dry. Be careful not to overwater, as this can lead to root rot.

Mulching

Mulching is essential for protecting the roots from freezing temperatures and maintaining soil moisture. Apply a 2-4 inch layer of organic mulch, such as pine bark or wood chips, around the base of the plant. This will insulate the soil and keep it from drying out.

Frost Protection

Although blueberries are frost-hardy, young plants may benefit from extra protection during extremely cold spells. Use garden fleece, row covers, or cloches to protect the bushes if temperatures drop significantly below freezing.

Pruning

Pruning is an important part of maintaining healthy blueberry plants, but it’s best done after the plants are established, usually in late winter or early spring. In the first year, avoid pruning to allow the plant to focus on root development. For older plants, remove any dead or damaged wood, and thin out the bush to allow air circulation and light penetration.

Harvesting Blueberries

If you’ve planted your blueberry bushes in December, you can expect them to start producing fruit by late spring or early summer. The exact timing will depend on the variety and your local climate, but generally, blueberries are ready for harvest around June or July.

Tips for Harvesting Blueberries:

• Wait for Ripeness: Blueberries are ready to pick when they are fully blue with no green or red tinge. They should come off the bush easily with a gentle tug.
• Frequent Harvesting: Blueberries ripen over several weeks, so check your bushes regularly and harvest ripe berries every few days.
• Storage: Freshly picked blueberries can be stored in the refrigerator for up to two weeks. They also freeze well—simply spread them out on a baking sheet, freeze until firm, and transfer to a freezer bag for long-term storage.

Conclusion

Planting blueberries in December is a great way to get ahead on your gardening season. With proper soil preparation, the right variety selection, and winter care, you’ll have healthy, well-established blueberry plants ready to produce delicious fruit in the coming spring and summer.

By following the tips in this guide, you’ll be well on your way to enjoying fresh, homegrown blueberries from your garden year after year. Whether you’re growing in raised

beds, containers, or directly in the ground, blueberries are a rewarding crop that will provide you with sweet, nutritious fruit for many seasons to come.

Find out more things you can grow in December here

Growing Broad Beans in December: Tips and Advice for a Successful Winter Crop

As winter approaches and many crops enter dormancy, the hardy broad bean offers a fantastic opportunity for gardeners to continue growing through the colder months. Broad beans, also known as fava beans, are resilient, cold-tolerant, and easy to grow, making them an excellent choice for planting in December. By starting broad beans now, you’ll enjoy an early harvest in spring and get a head start on the growing season.

In this comprehensive guide, we’ll cover everything you need to know about growing broad beans in December—from choosing the right variety to soil preparation, winter care, and tips for achieving a successful harvest.

Why Grow Broad Beans in December?

Broad beans are among the hardiest legumes, thriving in cool temperatures and even enduring light frost. December is the perfect time to sow broad beans because the plants can establish strong roots during the colder months, ready to burst into life when spring arrives. By planting in winter, you’ll be rewarded with an earlier harvest, making room for other crops later in the growing season.

The Benefits of Growing Broad Beans in December:

1. Cold Hardiness: Many broad bean varieties are frost-resistant, allowing them to survive even in cold conditions.
2. Early Harvest: Sowing broad beans in December leads to an early spring harvest, giving you a supply of fresh beans before other crops are ready.
3. Soil Enrichment: Like other legumes, broad beans fix nitrogen in the soil, enriching it for future crops and improving soil fertility.
4. Space Utilization: Planting broad beans in winter maximizes garden productivity by using otherwise empty beds and freeing space for other spring crops once the beans are harvested.

Choosing the Right Broad Bean Varieties for Winter

Not all broad bean varieties are suitable for winter planting, so it’s essential to choose cold-tolerant varieties designed to withstand the frosty months. Selecting the right broad beans will ensure they survive December’s cold temperatures and provide a bountiful harvest.

Here are some of the best broad bean varieties for winter sowing:

Winter-Suitable Broad Bean Varieties:

• Aquadulce Claudia: This is one of the most popular varieties for overwintering. Aquadulce Claudia is known for its excellent cold tolerance and early harvest, producing large, flavorful beans.
• Super Aquadulce: A variation of Aquadulce Claudia, Super Aquadulce offers even better frost resistance and produces high yields.
• The Sutton: A dwarf variety, The Sutton is ideal for smaller spaces or exposed areas prone to strong winds. Despite its compact size, it delivers a generous crop of beans.
• Stereo: A fast-maturing, small-seeded variety, Stereo is another great choice for winter sowing, producing tender beans with a mild flavor.

When choosing broad beans for December planting, be sure to check seed packets or descriptions for frost resistance and suitability for winter growing.

Preparing the Soil for Planting Broad Beans in December

Good soil preparation is crucial for broad bean success, especially in winter when soil conditions can be more challenging. Broad beans prefer well-drained, fertile soil with plenty of organic matter to support root development.

Steps for Preparing the Soil:

1. Clear the Area: Start by removing any weeds, leftover crops, or debris from the area where you plan to plant your broad beans. A clean, weed-free bed is essential to give your broad beans a strong start.
2. Amend the Soil: Broad beans thrive in slightly acidic to neutral soil (pH between 6.0 and 7.0). Incorporate plenty of well-rotted compost or organic matter to improve soil fertility and structure.
3. Improve Drainage: One of the biggest risks to overwintering broad beans is waterlogged soil. If your garden has heavy clay soil, consider planting in raised beds or adding sand or grit to improve drainage.
4. Fertilization: While broad beans are nitrogen-fixers, adding a balanced fertilizer at planting time will support their early growth. Avoid high-nitrogen fertilizers, as broad beans produce their own nitrogen through symbiotic bacteria in their roots.

How to Plant Broad Beans in December

Once your soil is prepared, you’re ready to plant your broad beans. Broad beans can be direct sown outdoors in December or started in pots and transplanted later. Whether you’re growing in the garden, raised beds, or containers, these planting tips will help ensure a healthy crop.

Direct Sowing Outdoors

1. Spacing: Plant broad beans about 20-30cm (8-12 inches) apart, with 60cm (24 inches) between rows. This spacing allows good air circulation, which is important for preventing fungal issues in damp winter conditions.
2. Depth: Sow broad bean seeds about 5cm (2 inches) deep. Gently press the soil over the seeds to ensure good contact.
3. Watering: Water the seeds lightly after planting to help them settle in. Broad beans don’t need much water during winter, so avoid overwatering, especially if your soil retains moisture.
4. Protection: In areas prone to heavy frost or snow, consider covering your broad beans with cloches or row covers to provide extra protection through the winter.

Sowing Broad Beans in Pots

1. Pots or Trays: If you prefer to start your broad beans indoors or in a greenhouse, sow seeds in individual pots or modular trays using seed compost.
2. Transplanting: Once the seedlings are 10-15cm tall and have developed strong roots, they can be transplanted outdoors. Harden off your plants by gradually exposing them to outdoor conditions before transplanting.

Caring for Broad Beans During Winter

Broad beans are generally low-maintenance and tough enough to withstand cold weather, but a little care will go a long way in ensuring they stay healthy through the winter.

Watering

Broad beans need regular moisture but not excessive watering. Winter rains typically provide sufficient water for the plants, so only water if the soil becomes excessively dry. Overwatering can lead to root rot, especially in waterlogged soil.

Mulching

To protect broad bean roots from freezing temperatures, apply a layer of mulch around the base of the plants. Mulching with straw, leaves, or compost helps insulate the soil and retain moisture while reducing the risk of frost damage.

Frost Protection

Although broad beans are frost-tolerant, prolonged or severe frosts can still cause damage. If heavy frost or snow is expected, cover your plants with horticultural fleece, cloches, or tunnels. These protective measures can help prevent frostbite on the tender growing tips.

Staking and Support

As broad bean plants grow taller, they may need support to prevent them from toppling over, especially during winter winds. Use stakes, canes, or string to gently support the plants as they grow. Dwarf varieties like The Sutton may not require staking, but taller varieties often benefit from it.

Pest and Disease Management

Winter-grown broad beans are generally less prone to pests than those grown in warmer months, but they can still fall victim to a few common issues:

• Aphids: Aphids may still attack young broad bean shoots, particularly in early spring as temperatures rise. Inspect your plants regularly and remove any aphids by hand or use an organic insecticidal soap.
• Slugs and Snails: Slugs and snails can be a problem, particularly in wet weather. Use organic slug deterrents like copper tape, crushed eggshells, or beer traps to protect your plants.
• Chocolate Spot: This fungal disease is more likely to occur in damp, cool conditions. To prevent it, ensure your plants are spaced out for good air circulation and avoid overhead watering.

Harvesting Winter-Planted Broad Beans

Broad beans planted in December are typically ready for harvest in late spring to early summer. You’ll know they’re ready when the pods are plump and firm. To check if the beans are ready to harvest, open one of the lower pods and see if the beans inside are fully formed.

Harvesting Tips:

• Harvest Young: For the sweetest and most tender beans, pick them when the pods are still small and the beans are young.
• Regular Harvesting: Broad beans are best harvested regularly to encourage the plant to keep producing more pods.
• Storage: Fresh broad beans can be eaten immediately, or they can be blanched and frozen for later use. Broad beans can also be dried for long-term storage.

Conclusion

Planting broad beans in December is a fantastic way to keep your garden productive through the colder months and enjoy an early spring harvest. With the right variety, good soil preparation, and a little care during winter, broad beans will reward you with delicious, nutritious pods and help improve your soil’s fertility.

Whether you’re planting in a garden bed, raised bed, or container, follow the tips in this guide to ensure your broad beans grow strong and healthy throughout the winter. By the time spring arrives, you’ll be enjoying the fruits (or rather, beans!) of your labor.

Find out more things you can grow in December here

Growing Lettuce in December: Tips and Advice for a Winter Harvest

As winter sets in, many gardeners start to wind down their gardening activities, assuming that the colder months mean a halt to productive growing. However, with the right strategies and a little preparation, you can keep your garden producing delicious crops even in the middle of winter. One versatile and resilient crop to consider during this season is lettuce.

Lettuce is a cool-weather crop that can thrive even in the colder months, making it an ideal choice for planting in December. With proper care and the right varieties, you can enjoy fresh, homegrown lettuce through winter and into early spring. In this guide, we’ll walk you through everything you need to know about planting and growing lettuce in December, including tips on soil preparation, protection from frost, and how to maintain your lettuce crop during winter.

Why Grow Lettuce in December?

Lettuce is a hardy, cool-season vegetable that can tolerate lower temperatures and is perfect for growing when many other crops can’t handle the cold. While winter can be a challenging time for many plants, lettuce thrives in cooler weather, making it an excellent option for winter gardens.

December offers a perfect opportunity to plant lettuce, either in a greenhouse, polytunnel, or using protective methods in the garden. By planting in December, you set the stage for a winter harvest and keep your garden productive during the colder months.

The Benefits of Growing Lettuce in December:

1. Cold Tolerance: Many lettuce varieties can withstand frost and even light snow, making them ideal for winter growing.
2. Quick Growth: Lettuce is a fast-growing crop, which means you can plant it in December and still enjoy fresh greens within weeks.
3. Continuous Harvest: By planting lettuce in succession, you can enjoy a continuous supply of fresh leaves throughout the winter.
4. Space Saver: Lettuce doesn’t require a lot of space, so it’s perfect for small garden beds, raised beds, or even containers indoors.

Choosing the Right Lettuce Varieties for December

While lettuce is generally cold-tolerant, some varieties are better suited for winter growing than others. When selecting lettuce varieties for December, look for those specifically bred for cold weather and frost resistance.

Here are some excellent options for growing lettuce in winter:

Winter Lettuce Varieties:

• Winter Gem: This variety is a popular choice for winter gardening. Winter Gem is compact and produces crisp, sweet leaves even in colder temperatures.
• Arctic King: As the name suggests, Arctic King is well-suited to winter conditions and can withstand frosty weather. It produces large, dark green heads with tender leaves.
• Merveille des Quatre Saisons: A beautiful butterhead lettuce with red-tinged leaves that performs well in cooler weather, making it perfect for December sowing.
• Valdor: A hardy lettuce variety that is ideal for growing under cloches or in cold frames, Valdor produces sweet, crunchy leaves even in the winter months.
• Rouge d’Hiver: A cold-resistant romaine lettuce with reddish leaves that thrives in cooler temperatures.

If you’re growing in a greenhouse or polytunnel, you can also experiment with other lettuce varieties that might not tolerate frost as well but will still perform in protected environments.

Preparing the Soil for Growing Lettuce in Winter

Like all crops, lettuce benefits from well-prepared soil. Lettuce grows best in loose, fertile soil with good drainage. Because lettuce is a shallow-rooted plant, it doesn’t need very deep soil, but it does require a nutrient-rich environment to thrive.

Steps for Preparing the Soil:

1. Clear the Area: Remove any leftover plants, debris, or weeds from the area where you plan to plant your lettuce.
2. Amend the Soil: Lettuce thrives in slightly acidic to neutral soil (pH between 6.0 and 7.0). Add organic matter such as well-rotted compost or aged manure to boost soil fertility.
3. Improve Drainage: Ensure that the soil drains well, especially during the winter months when water can easily collect and lead to root rot. If necessary, raise the soil or use raised beds to improve drainage.
4. Fertilize: Lettuce is a light feeder, but adding a balanced fertilizer or slow-release nitrogen fertilizer can help support its quick growth. Avoid heavy feeding, as this can lead to bitter-tasting leaves.

How to Plant Lettuce in December

Once your soil is ready, it’s time to start planting your lettuce seeds or transplants. There are a few different methods for growing lettuce in winter, depending on your setup and location. You can plant lettuce directly in the garden with frost protection, or grow it in containers, a greenhouse, or a polytunnel.

Planting Lettuce Seeds

1. Direct Sowing Outdoors: If you’re planting outdoors, sow your lettuce seeds about 0.5cm (¼ inch) deep and space them about 20-30cm (8-12 inches) apart in rows. You can cover the rows with fleece, cloches, or plastic tunnels to protect them from frost.
2. Indoor Sowing: If you’re sowing seeds indoors, fill trays or small pots with seed compost. Sow seeds thinly and cover them lightly with compost. Keep the trays in a cool, bright location, such as a greenhouse or windowsill, where temperatures remain above freezing.

Planting Lettuce Transplants

If you’ve started your lettuce seeds indoors or bought young plants, transplant them outdoors once they have grown their first true leaves (about 4-6 weeks after germination). Space the plants about 20cm apart in rows. If you’re planting in a greenhouse or polytunnel, you can transplant directly into pots or grow bags.

Tip: If planting outdoors in December, always protect young lettuce plants with row covers, fleece, or cloches to shield them from frost.

Caring for Lettuce During Winter

Lettuce is relatively low-maintenance, but there are a few things you can do to ensure your lettuce crop thrives during the winter months.

Watering

Lettuce needs regular moisture to grow well, but be careful not to overwater, especially in winter when the soil may already be saturated from rain. Water your lettuce lightly, making sure the soil remains moist but not waterlogged. Be mindful of cold snaps, as frozen water in the soil can damage the roots.

Mulching

If you’re growing lettuce outdoors, consider applying a layer of mulch around the plants to help insulate the soil and regulate moisture. Mulching with straw or leaves can protect the soil from freezing and provide extra warmth for your lettuce.

Protecting Lettuce from Frost

While many winter lettuce varieties are frost-tolerant, extended periods of hard frost can still damage the plants. To prevent this, use cloches, row covers, or fleece to shield your lettuce from frost and cold winds.

If you’re growing lettuce in containers, you can move the pots indoors or to a sheltered area during particularly cold nights.

Pests and Diseases

Lettuce grown in winter is less likely to suffer from pests like aphids and slugs, but it’s still important to keep an eye out for any potential problems.

Common issues to watch for:

• Slugs: Even in winter, slugs can damage your lettuce. Use slug traps or organic slug deterrents around your plants.
• Fungal Diseases: Damp, cold conditions can lead to fungal diseases like downy mildew. Ensure good air circulation around your plants and avoid overhead watering to prevent fungal problems.

Harvesting Winter Lettuce

One of the best things about growing lettuce is that you can start harvesting relatively early, even during winter. Depending on the variety, lettuce can be ready for harvest within 6-8 weeks of planting.

Harvesting Tips:

• Cut-and-Come-Again: Many types of lettuce can be harvested as “cut-and-come-again.” Simply snip the outer leaves when they are large enough to eat, and the plant will continue producing new leaves.
• Full Heads: For varieties that form heads, wait until the head has matured and the leaves are firm before cutting the entire plant just above the soil line.
• Frequent Harvesting: The more you harvest, the more your lettuce will grow. By regularly picking leaves, you encourage the plant to continue producing.

Once harvested, lettuce can be stored in the refrigerator for up to a week. However, for the freshest flavor, it’s best to pick lettuce just before you plan to use it.

Conclusion

Growing lettuce in December is a rewarding way to keep your garden productive throughout the winter months. Whether you’re sowing seeds directly outdoors or using the shelter of a greenhouse or polytunnel, lettuce is a resilient and easy-to-grow crop that will provide fresh, nutritious greens when few other plants are thriving.

By choosing the right varieties, preparing your soil properly, and providing protection from frost, you can enjoy a continuous supply of fresh lettuce throughout winter and well into spring.

Find out more things you can grow in December here

Onions in December: Tips and Advice for Planting and Growing Onions During Winter

As the chill of December sets in and gardens across the country start to slow down for winter, the seasoned gardener knows that there’s still work to be done. One vegetable that can thrive in the colder months is the humble onion. Whether you’re growing onions for a spring harvest or want to get ahead for next year’s garden, December is an excellent time to start preparing and planting certain varieties of onions.

In this article, we’ll cover everything you need to know about growing onions in December, including tips and advice on soil preparation, seed sowing, and how to care for onions during winter. By the time spring rolls around, you’ll have strong, healthy onions well on their way to harvest.

Why Plant Onions in December?

December is typically seen as a quiet month in the garden, but that doesn’t mean it’s time to stop planting. In fact, onions are an ideal crop for this time of year because they are hardy and can tolerate cooler temperatures. While many crops won’t survive winter frosts, onions can develop strong roots throughout the colder months, preparing them for vigorous growth in the spring.

By planting onions in December, you give them a head start, allowing them to grow steadily through winter. This early planting can lead to larger bulbs and an earlier harvest compared to spring-planted onions.

The Benefits of Planting Onions in December:

1. Cold Tolerance: Certain varieties of onions are well-suited to winter growing and can withstand cold, even frost.
2. Strong Root Development: Planting early allows onions to establish strong root systems, making them more resilient.
3. Earlier Harvest: Onions planted in December can often be harvested earlier than those planted in spring, giving you a jumpstart on your summer gardening.
4. Free Up Space: By getting onions out of the way early, you free up valuable garden space in spring for other crops.

Choosing the Right Onion Varieties for December Planting

Not all onions are suitable for winter planting, so it’s important to choose varieties that thrive in cooler temperatures. There are two main options when planting onions in December: onion sets or seeds.

Onion Sets

Onion sets are small, immature onions that can be planted directly into the ground. They are easier to plant and faster to mature than seeds, making them a great option for winter growing. Sets are typically hardier than seeds and more resistant to cold weather.

Popular onion set varieties for December include:

• Electric Red: A beautiful red onion that is well-suited to winter planting and produces mild, sweet bulbs.
• Senshyu Yellow: A reliable and cold-hardy variety that thrives in winter and produces large, round onions.
• Radar: A traditional winter onion variety known for its hardiness and strong flavor.

Onion Seeds

If you prefer growing onions from seed, December is still a great time to start sowing indoors. Onions from seed will take longer to mature than sets, but they can produce stronger plants and larger bulbs in the long run.

Good onion seed varieties for winter sowing include:

• Alisa Craig: Known for producing large bulbs, Alisa Craig is a favorite for overwintering and performs well when started in December.
• Ailsa Craig: Another large variety that is ideal for winter sowing and gives great results come harvest time.

When starting onions from seed, it’s best to sow them in seed trays indoors, where you can control the temperature and ensure they get a strong start before transplanting them outdoors in early spring.

Preparing the Soil for Winter Onion Planting

One of the most important steps in growing onions in December is preparing the soil. Onions thrive in loose, well-drained soil that is rich in nutrients. Because onions planted in winter will be in the ground for several months, it’s essential to get the soil right from the start.

Steps for Preparing the Soil:

1. Clear the Area: If you haven’t already done so, remove any debris, old crops, or weeds from the area where you plan to plant your onions.
2. Amend the Soil: Onions prefer slightly acidic to neutral soil with a pH between 6.0 and 7.0. Before planting, amend the soil with well-rotted compost or organic matter to improve drainage and boost nutrients.
3. Improve Drainage: In winter, poor drainage can lead to waterlogged soil, which can cause onions to rot. If your garden soil tends to retain water, consider planting onions in raised beds or adding sand or grit to improve drainage.
4. Fertilize: Onions are heavy feeders and require plenty of nutrients to grow strong. Add a balanced fertilizer high in phosphorus to encourage root growth before planting.

How to Plant Onions in December

Once your soil is prepared, it’s time to plant your onion sets or seeds. Here’s a step-by-step guide to ensure success:

Planting Onion Sets

1. Spacing: Plant your onion sets about 10-15cm (4-6 inches) apart, with 30cm (12 inches) between rows. This spacing allows enough room for the bulbs to grow.
2. Depth: Gently push the onion sets into the soil, pointed end up, so that the top of the set is just below the soil surface (about 2.5cm or 1 inch deep).
3. Watering: Water the sets immediately after planting to help them settle into the soil. Keep the soil moist but not waterlogged throughout the winter.

Sowing Onion Seeds Indoors

1. Seed Trays: Fill seed trays with seed compost, and sow the onion seeds about 1cm (½ inch) deep.
2. Germination: Place the trays in a warm spot, such as on a sunny windowsill or in a greenhouse, and keep the soil moist. Onion seeds typically take 10-14 days to germinate.
3. Transplanting: Once the seedlings are large enough to handle, transplant them into larger pots or directly into the garden in early spring, spacing them the same as onion sets.

Caring for Onions Through Winter

Winter onions require minimal care, but there are a few key things to keep in mind to ensure they grow well throughout the colder months.

Watering

Onions need consistent moisture, but in winter, overwatering can lead to rot. Monitor the soil and only water when it becomes dry to the touch. If you live in an area with heavy winter rainfall, make sure your soil is well-draining to avoid waterlogging.

Mulching

To protect your onions from extreme cold and fluctuating temperatures, consider adding a layer of mulch around the plants. Mulching with straw or compost helps insulate the soil, keeping it warmer during frosty periods.

Frost Protection

While onions are hardy and can tolerate frost, severe cold snaps can still damage young plants. If you’re expecting extreme frost, you can cover your onions with garden fleece or cloches for added protection.

Pests and Diseases

Onions are generally low-maintenance and suffer from few pests during winter. However, be on the lookout for common issues such as:

• Onion fly: These pests lay eggs near the base of onion plants. If the larvae hatch, they can cause damage to the roots. Use fine mesh netting to protect your onions from onion flies.
• White rot: A fungal disease that thrives in cool, wet conditions. Prevent white rot by planting onions in well-draining soil and rotating crops to avoid planting onions in the same spot each year.

Harvesting Winter Onions

Onions planted in December will be ready for harvest by early to mid-summer, depending on the variety. You’ll know they’re ready when the tops of the plants start to yellow and fall over. At this point, stop watering and allow the onions to dry in the soil for a few days before harvesting.

Once harvested, onions should be left to dry in a warm, well-ventilated area for a week or two. Properly cured onions can be stored for several months in a cool, dry place.

Conclusion

Planting onions in December is a great way to get a head start on your gardening season. By choosing hardy varieties, preparing the soil properly, and providing the right care through winter, you’ll be rewarded with a bountiful harvest come summer. Onions are a resilient and rewarding crop, perfect for gardeners looking to make the most of their winter growing season.

Whether you’re using onion sets or seeds, follow the tips in this guide to ensure your onions grow strong and healthy, and you’ll enjoy delicious homegrown onions all year round.

Find out more things you can grow in December here