Day: October 12, 2024

Growing Strawberries in November

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Growing Strawberries in November: Your Complete Guide to a Sweet Harvest

Strawberries are one of the most beloved fruits, celebrated for their sweet flavor and versatility. While many gardeners associate strawberry planting with the spring season, growing strawberries in November can also be highly beneficial, especially in regions with milder winters. This comprehensive guide will cover everything you need to know about growing strawberries in November, from selecting the right varieties and preparing your garden to planting, caring for, and harvesting your strawberries.

Why Grow Strawberries in November?

November can be an excellent time to plant strawberries for several reasons:

  • Root Development: Planting strawberries in November allows the plants to establish their root systems before the cold winter months. This can lead to healthier plants and better yields in the following growing season.
  • Reduced Competition: The cooler weather in November can slow down weed growth, allowing young strawberry plants to thrive without competing for nutrients and water.
  • Moisture Retention: The natural moisture from November rains can help keep the soil adequately hydrated for new plants.
  • Cold Hardiness: Many strawberry varieties are quite hardy and can survive cold temperatures, making them suitable for late fall planting.

Choosing the Right Strawberry Varieties for November Planting

When selecting strawberry varieties to plant in November, it’s essential to choose those that are known for their cold hardiness and adaptability. Here are some of the best varieties for late fall planting:

  1. Earliglow: This June-bearing variety is known for its exceptional flavor and early harvest. Earliglow strawberries are hardy and can tolerate colder temperatures.
  2. Fort Laramie: A resilient June-bearing variety, Fort Laramie produces large, sweet berries and is known for its disease resistance.
  3. Allstar: This variety offers a good balance of yield and flavor. Allstar strawberries are suitable for various climates and can withstand cold weather.
  4. Sweet Charlie: An everbearing variety, Sweet Charlie produces sweet, flavorful berries and is known for its adaptability to different growing conditions.
  5. Seascape: Another everbearing option, Seascape strawberries are well-suited for late planting and offer high yields of sweet berries throughout the growing season.

Preparing Your Garden for November Strawberry Planting

Before you plant strawberries in November, proper garden preparation is essential for successful growth. Here are the steps to follow:

1. Selecting the Right Location

Choose a location that receives full sun for at least 6-8 hours a day. Strawberries thrive in sunny areas, and good air circulation helps prevent diseases.

2. Soil Requirements

Strawberries prefer well-drained, loamy soil with a pH between 5.5 and 6.8. Conduct a soil test to determine the pH and nutrient levels. Amend the soil with organic matter, such as compost, to enhance fertility and drainage.

3. Preparing the Soil

  1. Clear the Area: Remove any weeds, rocks, or debris from the planting site. This will reduce competition and minimize the risk of pests and diseases.
  2. Tilling: Use a garden fork or tiller to loosen the soil to a depth of about 12 inches (30 cm). This improves aeration and drainage, promoting healthy root development.
  3. Soil Amendments: Incorporate compost or well-rotted manure into the soil to boost its nutrient content.

4. Mulching

Adding a layer of mulch can help retain moisture, suppress weeds, and regulate soil temperature. Use organic materials like straw, wood chips, or shredded leaves to create a protective barrier.

Planting Strawberries in November

Once your garden bed is prepared, it’s time to plant your strawberries. Here’s how to do it:

1. Timing

The best time to plant strawberries in November is after the first frost. This helps ensure the plants are dormant and ready for winter.

2. Planting Method

  1. Digging Holes: Space the holes about 18-24 inches apart, depending on the variety. Each hole should be deep enough to accommodate the root system without bending.
  2. Placement: Place the strawberry plant in the hole, ensuring that the crown (the point where the roots meet the stem) is level with the soil surface. If the crown is buried too deep, it can rot.
  3. Backfilling: Gently backfill the hole with soil, making sure there are no air pockets. Water thoroughly after planting to help settle the soil around the roots.
  4. Watering: Ensure the soil remains consistently moist but not waterlogged, especially during the early stages of growth.

3. Supporting Your Strawberries

Consider installing a trellis or support system, especially for climbing or trailing varieties. This can help keep the fruit off the ground and reduce the risk of rot.

Caring for Strawberries During Winter

After planting your strawberries in November, they will require minimal care during the winter months. However, here are some essential steps to ensure their survival and promote healthy growth in spring:

1. Watering

While rainfall often provides adequate moisture, check the soil occasionally. Water the plants deeply if the soil feels dry, particularly during extended dry spells.

2. Mulching for Insulation

Ensure the mulch layer is thick enough (about 3-4 inches) to insulate the roots and protect them from extreme cold. Organic mulch also helps retain moisture.

3. Pruning

In late fall, after the plants have gone dormant, perform some light pruning. Remove any dead or damaged leaves to encourage healthy new growth in the spring.

4. Pest and Disease Management

Keep an eye out for potential pest problems, such as aphids or spider mites. Use organic pesticides or insecticidal soap if necessary. Prevent disease by ensuring good air circulation and avoiding overhead watering.

Spring Care for Your Strawberries

As winter ends and spring approaches, your strawberry plants will start to emerge from dormancy. Here’s how to care for them during this critical time:

1. Fertilization

In early spring, apply a balanced fertilizer to give your strawberries the nutrients they need for vigorous growth. Look for fertilizers that are high in nitrogen to promote leaf development.

2. Watering

As the weather warms, ensure your strawberry plants receive adequate water, especially during flowering and fruit development. Aim for 1-2 inches of water per week, adjusting based on rainfall.

3. Supporting Growth

If you haven’t installed a trellis, do so in early spring. Train the runners to grow up the support as they develop, tying them gently with soft garden ties.

4. Weeding

Regularly check the area around your strawberries for weeds. Hand-pull or use mulch to suppress weed growth, ensuring your plants have access to all available nutrients.

Harvesting Strawberries

One of the most rewarding aspects of growing strawberries is the delicious harvest. Here’s what you need to know about harvesting your strawberries:

1. When to Harvest

Strawberries are typically ready for harvest in late spring to early summer, depending on the variety and climate. The berries will change color from green to bright red when ripe.

2. How to Harvest

Gently twist or pull the berries from the stem. If they come off easily, they are ripe. Be careful not to crush the berries, as they are delicate and can bruise easily.

3. Post-Harvest Care

After harvesting, store the strawberries in the refrigerator for up to a week. For longer storage, consider freezing them. Wash the berries, spread them on a baking sheet to freeze individually, then transfer them to airtight containers or freezer bags.

Common Problems and Solutions When Growing Strawberries

Even experienced gardeners may encounter challenges when growing strawberries. Here are some common issues and how to address them:

1. Pests

Strawberries can be susceptible to pests such as slugs, aphids, and spider mites. Regularly inspect your plants and use organic pest control methods, such as neem oil or insecticidal soap, to manage infestations.

2. Diseases

Fungal diseases, such as powdery mildew or root rot, can affect strawberries. Ensure good air circulation by spacing your plants properly and avoid overhead watering to reduce humidity levels. If disease occurs, remove affected plant parts immediately.

3. Poor Fruit Development

If your strawberries are not producing fruit, it may be due to poor pollination or inadequate nutrients. Ensure that you have both male and female plants (if applicable) and consider planting companion flowers to attract pollinators. Additionally, provide adequate fertilization and water during the flowering stage.

4. Overcrowding

If your strawberry plants become overcrowded, it can lead to poor air circulation and reduced fruit production. Thin out excess runners in early spring, leaving the healthiest and most vigorous ones to grow.

Companion Planting with Strawberries

Companion planting is a great way to maximize your garden’s potential by pairing plants that benefit each other. Strawberries can be effectively grown alongside several other vegetables and herbs, including:

  • Basil: This herb can help repel pests and improve the flavor of strawberries.
  • Spinach: Spinach grows quickly and can provide shade for strawberries during the hottest months.
  • Garlic: The strong scent of garlic can deter pests and enhance the health of nearby plants.

Conclusion: Enjoy the Sweet Rewards of Growing Strawberries

Growing strawberries in November can be a rewarding endeavor for any gardener. With proper preparation, planting, and care, you can enjoy delicious, homegrown strawberries for many seasons to come. From selecting the right varieties to understanding how to support your plants through winter and into spring, this guide provides all the information you need to successfully grow strawberries in your garden.

So, if you’re ready to embark on your strawberry-growing journey, grab your gardening tools, choose your favorite varieties, and get started this November. Your taste buds will thank you when you savor the sweet, juicy rewards of your hard work!

Check out lots more to grow in November here

Growing Raspberries in November

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Growing Raspberries in November: Your Ultimate Guide to a Bountiful Harvest

Raspberries are a favorite among gardeners and fruit lovers alike. Their sweet, tangy flavor and versatility in the kitchen make them a desirable addition to any home garden. While many people consider spring and summer as the prime seasons for growing raspberries, November is also an excellent time to plant and care for these delicious fruits, especially in regions with milder winters. This comprehensive guide will explore everything you need to know about growing raspberries in November, from selecting the right varieties to preparing your garden, planting, caring for your plants, and harvesting.

Why Grow Raspberries in November?

Planting raspberries in November offers several benefits, particularly for gardeners looking to maximize their harvests:

  • Root Establishment: November planting allows raspberry plants to establish their roots during the cool, moist conditions of fall and winter. This head start can lead to healthier plants and more abundant fruit in the following growing season.
  • Less Competition: With cooler temperatures, weed growth tends to slow down, allowing young raspberry plants to thrive without the stress of competing for nutrients.
  • Increased Moisture Retention: November’s natural rainfall can help keep the soil consistently moist, which is crucial for newly planted raspberries.
  • Winter Hardiness: Raspberries are generally hardy plants that can withstand cold temperatures, making them suitable for late fall planting.

Choosing the Right Raspberry Varieties for November Planting

When selecting raspberry varieties for planting in November, it’s essential to choose those that are known for their hardiness and adaptability. Here are some of the best varieties for late fall planting:

  1. Heritage: This everbearing variety produces large, sweet berries and is known for its resilience in various climates. It offers a fall harvest and can also yield fruit in the summer.
  2. Caroline: Another everbearing option, Caroline raspberries are known for their exceptional flavor and high yield. They perform well in cooler climates and are resistant to many diseases.
  3. Tulameen: A popular summer-bearing variety, Tulameen raspberries produce large, juicy berries and are perfect for fresh eating and preserving. They are also adaptable to different soil types.
  4. Fall Gold: This unique variety produces golden-yellow berries that are sweet and flavorful. It is an everbearing variety that thrives in cooler temperatures and adds visual interest to the garden.
  5. Boyne: A hardy summer-bearing variety, Boyne raspberries produce medium-sized, sweet berries and are known for their disease resistance. They are perfect for northern climates.

Preparing Your Garden for November Raspberry Planting

Before planting raspberries in November, it’s essential to prepare your garden properly to ensure optimal growth. Here are the steps to follow:

1. Selecting the Right Location

Raspberries thrive in full sun, so choose a location that receives at least 6-8 hours of sunlight per day. Ensure that the area has good air circulation to reduce the risk of disease.

2. Soil Requirements

Raspberries prefer well-drained, loamy soil with a pH between 5.5 and 6.8. Conduct a soil test to check the pH level and nutrient content. Amend the soil with organic matter, such as compost or well-rotted manure, to improve fertility and drainage.

3. Preparing the Soil

  1. Clear the Area: Remove any weeds, rocks, or debris from the planting area. This will help prevent competition for nutrients and reduce the risk of pests and diseases.
  2. Tilling: Use a garden fork or tiller to loosen the soil to a depth of about 12 inches (30 cm). This will improve aeration and drainage, promoting healthy root growth.
  3. Soil Amendments: Mix in compost or well-rotted manure to enrich the soil. This will provide essential nutrients for your raspberry plants.

4. Mulching

Adding a layer of mulch around the planting area can help retain moisture, suppress weeds, and regulate soil temperature. Use organic materials such as straw, wood chips, or shredded leaves.

Planting Raspberries in November

Once your garden bed is prepared, it’s time to plant your raspberries. Here’s how to do it:

1. Timing

The best time to plant raspberries in November is after the first frost, which helps ensure the plants are dormant and ready for winter.

2. Planting Method

  1. Digging Holes: Dig holes that are about 2-3 feet apart (depending on the variety) and deep enough to accommodate the roots without bending.
  2. Placement: Place the raspberry plant in the hole, ensuring the crown (the point where the roots meet the stem) is level with the soil surface.
  3. Backfilling: Gently backfill the hole with soil, ensuring there are no air pockets. Water thoroughly after planting to help settle the soil around the roots.
  4. Watering: Ensure the soil is consistently moist but not waterlogged, especially in the early stages of growth.

3. Supporting Your Raspberries

Most raspberry varieties benefit from a trellis or support system to help them grow upright and make harvesting easier. Consider installing a trellis at the time of planting.

Caring for Raspberries During Winter

After planting your raspberries in November, they will require minimal care during the winter months. However, there are a few important steps to ensure their survival and promote healthy growth in the spring:

1. Watering

Although the cooler temperatures can help retain moisture, check the soil periodically. Water the plants deeply if the soil feels dry, especially during prolonged dry spells.

2. Mulching for Insulation

Ensure that the mulch layer around your raspberries is thick enough (about 3-4 inches) to insulate the roots and protect them from extreme cold. Organic mulch also helps retain moisture.

3. Pruning

In late fall, after the plants have gone dormant, you can perform some light pruning. Remove any dead or damaged canes and cut back last year’s growth to about 3-4 feet above the ground. This encourages new growth in the spring and helps the plants stay healthy.

4. Pest and Disease Management

Keep an eye out for potential pest problems, such as aphids or spider mites. Use organic pesticides or insecticidal soap if necessary. Preventing disease starts with proper spacing for air circulation and avoiding overhead watering.

Spring Care for Your Raspberries

As winter ends and spring approaches, your raspberry plants will begin to emerge from dormancy. Here’s how to care for them during this critical time:

1. Fertilization

In early spring, apply a balanced fertilizer to give your raspberries the nutrients they need for vigorous growth. Look for fertilizers with higher nitrogen content to encourage leaf development.

2. Watering

As the weather warms, ensure your raspberry plants receive adequate water, especially during flowering and fruit development. Aim for 1-2 inches of water per week, adjusting based on rainfall.

3. Supporting Growth

If you haven’t installed a trellis, do so in early spring. Train the canes to grow up the support as they grow, tying them gently with soft garden ties.

4. Weeding

Regularly check the area around your raspberries for weeds. Hand-pull or use mulch to suppress weed growth, ensuring your plants have access to all available nutrients.

Harvesting Raspberries

One of the most rewarding aspects of growing raspberries is the delicious harvest. Here’s what you need to know about harvesting your raspberries:

1. When to Harvest

Raspberries are typically ready for harvest in mid to late summer, depending on the variety and climate. The berries will change color from green to red, black, or purple when ripe, depending on the variety.

2. How to Harvest

Gently twist or pull the berries from the stem. If they come off easily, they are ripe. Be careful not to crush the berries, as they are delicate and can bruise easily.

3. Post-Harvest Care

After harvesting, store the berries in the refrigerator for up to a week. For longer storage, consider freezing them. Wash the berries, spread them on a baking sheet to freeze individually, then transfer to airtight containers or freezer bags.

Common Problems and Solutions When Growing Raspberries

Even experienced gardeners may encounter challenges when growing raspberries. Here are some common issues and how to address them:

1. Pests

Raspberries can be susceptible to pests such as aphids, spider mites, and Japanese beetles. Regularly inspect your plants and use organic pest control methods, such as neem oil or insecticidal soap, to manage infestations.

2. Diseases

Fungal diseases, such as powdery mildew or root rot, can affect raspberries. Ensure good air circulation by spacing your plants properly and avoid overhead watering to reduce humidity levels. If disease occurs, remove affected plant parts immediately.

3. Poor Fruit Development

If your raspberries are not producing fruit, it may be due to poor pollination or inadequate nutrients. Ensure that you have both male and female plants (if applicable) and consider planting companion flowers to attract pollinators. Additionally, provide adequate fertilization and water during the flowering stage.

4. Overcrowding

If your raspberry canes become overcrowded, it can lead to poor air circulation and reduced fruit production. Thin out excess canes in early spring, leaving the healthiest and most vigorous ones to grow.

Companion Planting with Raspberries

Companion planting is a great way to maximize your garden’s potential by pairing plants that benefit each other. Raspberries can be effectively grown alongside several other vegetables and herbs, including:

  • Marigolds: Their natural pest-repellent properties can help keep harmful insects away from your raspberry plants.
  • Garlic: The strong scent of garlic can deter pests and improve the health of nearby plants.
  • Chives: Similar to garlic, chives can help repel pests while also providing edible greens for your kitchen.

Conclusion: Enjoy the Rewards of Growing Raspberries

Growing raspberries in November can be a rewarding endeavor for any gardener. With proper preparation, planting, and care, you can enjoy delicious, homegrown raspberries for many seasons to come. From selecting the right varieties to understanding how to support your plants through winter and into spring, this guide provides all the information you need to successfully grow raspberries in your garden.

So, if you’re ready to embark on your raspberry-growing journey, grab your gardening tools, choose your favorite varieties, and get started this November. Your taste buds will thank you when you enjoy the sweet, juicy rewards of your hard work!

Check out lots more to grow in November here

Growing Blackberries in November

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Growing Blackberries in November: A Complete Guide for Fruit Enthusiasts

Blackberries are delicious, nutritious fruits that can be enjoyed fresh, in desserts, or preserved in jams and jellies. While many gardeners think of spring and summer as the prime seasons for growing berries, November can also be an ideal time for planting and caring for blackberries, particularly in regions with mild winters. This comprehensive guide will cover everything you need to know about growing blackberries in November, including choosing the right varieties, preparing your garden, planting, caring for your plants, and harvesting.

Why Grow Blackberries in November?

Growing blackberries in November offers several unique advantages:

  • Establishing Roots: Planting blackberries in late fall allows the roots to establish themselves before the cold winter months. This head start can lead to healthier plants that produce better yields in the following growing season.
  • Less Competition from Weeds: With the colder temperatures, weed growth tends to slow down, giving your newly planted blackberries a better chance to thrive without competition.
  • Improved Moisture Retention: The cooler weather and increased rainfall in November can help keep the soil moisture levels stable, which is beneficial for newly planted blackberry roots.
  • Winter Hardiness: Blackberries are generally hardy plants that can withstand colder temperatures, making them suitable for planting in late fall.

Choosing the Right Blackberry Varieties for November Planting

When selecting blackberry varieties for November planting, consider those that are known for their cold hardiness and adaptability. Here are some of the best varieties to consider:

  1. Thornless Blackberries: Varieties like ‘Navaho’ and ‘Arapaho’ are popular for their sweet fruits and thornless canes, making them easier to handle and harvest.
  2. Boysenberries: A hybrid between raspberries and blackberries, boysenberries are larger and juicier, making them a delightful addition to your garden.
  3. Brazos: This is a highly productive variety that is well-suited for warm climates but can also tolerate colder regions. It produces large, sweet berries.
  4. Triple Crown: Known for its exceptional flavor, this thornless variety is also vigorous and produces large yields. It is hardy in various climates.
  5. Black Satin: This semi-thornless variety produces juicy, sweet berries and is known for its vigorous growth and resilience.

Preparing Your Garden for November Blackberry Planting

Before planting blackberries in November, it’s essential to prepare your garden properly to ensure optimal growth. Here are the steps to follow:

1. Selecting the Right Location

Blackberries thrive in full sun, so choose a location that receives at least 6-8 hours of sunlight per day. Additionally, ensure that the area has good air circulation to reduce the risk of disease.

2. Soil Requirements

Blackberries prefer well-drained, loamy soil with a pH between 5.5 and 7.0. Conduct a soil test to check the pH level and nutrient content. Amend the soil with organic matter, such as compost or well-rotted manure, to improve fertility and drainage.

3. Preparing the Soil

  1. Clear the Area: Remove any weeds, rocks, or debris from the planting area. This will help prevent competition for nutrients and reduce the risk of pests and diseases.
  2. Tilling: Use a garden fork or tiller to loosen the soil to a depth of about 12 inches (30 cm). This will improve aeration and drainage, promoting healthy root growth.
  3. Soil Amendments: Mix in compost or well-rotted manure to enrich the soil. This will provide essential nutrients for your blackberry plants.

4. Mulching

Adding a layer of mulch around the planting area can help retain moisture, suppress weeds, and regulate soil temperature. Use organic materials such as straw, wood chips, or shredded leaves.

Planting Blackberries in November

Once your garden bed is prepared, it’s time to plant your blackberries. Here’s how to do it:

1. Timing

The best time to plant blackberries in November is after the first frost, which helps ensure the plants are dormant and ready for winter.

2. Planting Method

  1. Digging Holes: Dig holes that are about 2-3 feet apart (depending on the variety) and deep enough to accommodate the roots without bending.
  2. Placement: Place the blackberry plant in the hole, ensuring the crown (the point where the roots meet the stem) is level with the soil surface.
  3. Backfilling: Gently backfill the hole with soil, ensuring there are no air pockets. Water thoroughly after planting to help settle the soil around the roots.
  4. Watering: Ensure the soil is consistently moist but not waterlogged, especially in the early stages of growth.

3. Supporting Your Blackberries

If you’re planting vining blackberry varieties, consider installing a trellis or support system at the time of planting. This will help the plants grow upward and make harvesting easier.

Caring for Blackberries During Winter

After planting your blackberries in November, they will require minimal care during the winter months. However, there are a few important steps to ensure their survival and promote healthy growth in the spring:

1. Watering

Although the cooler temperatures can help retain moisture, check the soil periodically. Water the plants deeply if the soil feels dry, especially during prolonged dry spells.

2. Mulching for Insulation

Ensure that the mulch layer around your blackberries is thick enough (about 3-4 inches) to insulate the roots and protect them from extreme cold. Organic mulch also helps retain moisture.

3. Pruning

In late fall, after the plants have gone dormant, you can perform some light pruning. Remove any dead or damaged canes and cut back last year’s growth to about 3-4 feet above the ground. This encourages new growth in the spring and helps the plants stay healthy.

4. Pest and Disease Management

Keep an eye out for potential pest problems, such as aphids or spider mites. Use organic pesticides or insecticidal soap if necessary. Preventing disease starts with proper spacing for air circulation and avoiding overhead watering.

Spring Care for Your Blackberries

As winter ends and spring approaches, your blackberry plants will begin to emerge from dormancy. Here’s how to care for them during this critical time:

1. Fertilization

In early spring, apply a balanced fertilizer to give your blackberries the nutrients they need for vigorous growth. Look for fertilizers with higher nitrogen content to encourage leaf development.

2. Watering

As the weather warms, ensure your blackberry plants receive adequate water, especially during flowering and fruit development. Aim for 1-2 inches of water per week, adjusting based on rainfall.

3. Supporting Growth

If you haven’t installed a trellis, do so in early spring. Train the canes to grow up the support as they grow, tying them gently with soft garden ties.

4. Weeding

Regularly check the area around your blackberries for weeds. Hand-pull or use mulch to suppress weed growth, ensuring your plants have access to all available nutrients.

Harvesting Blackberries

One of the most rewarding aspects of growing blackberries is the delicious harvest. Here’s what you need to know about harvesting your blackberries:

1. When to Harvest

Blackberries are typically ready for harvest in mid to late summer, depending on the variety and climate. The berries will change color from red to dark purple or black when ripe.

2. How to Harvest

Gently twist or pull the berries from the stem. If they come off easily, they are ripe. Be careful not to crush the berries, as they are delicate and can bruise easily.

3. Post-Harvest Care

After harvesting, store the berries in the refrigerator for up to a week. For longer storage, consider freezing them. Wash the berries, spread them on a baking sheet to freeze individually, then transfer to airtight containers or freezer bags.

Common Problems and Solutions When Growing Blackberries

Even experienced gardeners may encounter challenges when growing blackberries. Here are some common issues and how to address them:

1. Pests

Blackberries can be susceptible to pests such as aphids, spider mites, and Japanese beetles. Regularly inspect your plants and use organic pest control methods, such as neem oil or insecticidal soap, to manage infestations.

2. Diseases

Fungal diseases, such as powdery mildew or root rot, can affect blackberries. Ensure good air circulation by spacing your plants properly and avoid overhead watering to reduce humidity levels. If disease occurs, remove affected plant parts immediately.

3. Poor Fruit Development

If your blackberries are not producing fruit, it may be due to poor pollination or inadequate nutrients. Ensure that you have both male and female plants (if applicable) and consider planting companion flowers to attract pollinators. Additionally, provide adequate fertilization and water during the flowering stage.

4. Overcrowding

If your blackberry canes become overcrowded, it can lead to poor air circulation and reduced fruit production. Thin out excess canes in early spring, leaving the healthiest and most vigorous ones to grow.

Conclusion: Enjoy the Rewards of Growing Blackberries

Growing blackberries in November can be a rewarding endeavor for any gardener. With proper preparation, planting, and care, you can enjoy delicious, homegrown blackberries for many seasons to come. From selecting the right varieties to understanding how to support your plants through winter and into spring, this guide provides all the information you need to successfully grow blackberries in your garden.

So, if you’re ready to embark on your blackberry-growing journey, grab your

gardening tools, choose your favourite varieties, and get started this November. Your taste buds will thank you when you enjoy the sweet, juicy rewards of your hard work!

Check out lots more to grow in November here

Growing Spring Onions in November

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Growing Spring Onions in November: A Comprehensive Guide for Gardeners

Spring onions, also known as scallions or green onions, are a versatile and easy-to-grow crop that can be planted in various seasons. While many people associate spring onions with spring planting, November is also an excellent time to grow them, particularly in milder climates. This guide will walk you through the entire process of growing spring onions in November, from selecting the right varieties and preparing the soil to planting, caring for, and harvesting your crop.

Why Grow Spring Onions in November?

Growing spring onions in November offers several advantages, especially if you’re looking to maximize your gardening efforts:

  • Cold Tolerance: Spring onions are hardy and can withstand cooler temperatures. They can thrive even in light frost, making them suitable for late autumn planting.
  • Quick Harvest: Spring onions are fast-growing crops, allowing for a quick turnaround from planting to harvest. You can enjoy fresh spring onions within a few weeks of planting.
  • Succession Planting: Planting spring onions in November allows you to extend your growing season and stagger your harvests. This means you’ll have fresh onions available even during the winter months.
  • Minimal Space Requirements: Spring onions can be grown in small spaces, making them perfect for container gardening or small garden beds.

Choosing the Right Spring Onion Varieties for November Planting

When selecting spring onion varieties for November planting, it’s essential to choose those that are known for their cold tolerance and fast growth. Here are some recommended varieties:

  1. White Lisbon: This classic variety is known for its mild flavor and is perfect for growing in cooler temperatures. It produces tender white bulbs and green tops.
  2. Bunching Onions: Also known as scallions, these onions don’t form bulbs and are harvested for their green tops. Varieties like ‘Evergreen’ or ‘Tokyo Long White’ are excellent choices for late planting.
  3. Egyptian Walking Onions: Unique for their ability to produce small bulbs that can be planted in the ground, these onions are hardy and will continue to grow even in colder weather.
  4. Red Onions: If you prefer a more robust flavor, consider planting red onion varieties like ‘Red Baron.’ While they may take slightly longer to mature, they add color and depth to your dishes.

Preparing Your Garden Bed for November Planting

Before planting your spring onions, it’s crucial to prepare the garden bed properly to ensure healthy growth. Here are the steps to follow:

  1. Select the Right Location: Spring onions prefer full sun and well-drained soil. Choose a location that receives at least 6 hours of sunlight per day.
  2. Soil Preparation: Spring onions thrive in fertile, loose soil. Amend the soil with plenty of organic matter, such as compost or well-rotted manure. This will improve soil structure, drainage, and nutrient content.
  3. Check Soil pH: Spring onions prefer a slightly acidic to neutral soil pH (6.0 to 7.0). Conduct a soil test to determine the pH level and make adjustments if necessary. You can add lime to raise the pH or sulfur to lower it.
  4. Weed Control: Clear the planting area of any weeds or debris. Weeds compete with your spring onions for nutrients and water, so it’s essential to start with a clean slate.
  5. Tilling the Soil: Use a garden fork or tiller to loosen the soil to a depth of about 12 inches (30 cm). This helps improve drainage and allows the roots to penetrate the soil more easily.

Planting Spring Onions in November

Once your garden bed is prepared, it’s time to plant your spring onions. Follow these steps for successful planting:

  1. Sow Seeds or Set Transplants: You can either sow spring onion seeds directly into the soil or transplant seedlings. If using seeds, scatter them thinly and cover lightly with soil. If transplanting, plant seedlings about 6 inches apart in rows.
  2. Planting Depth: Spring onion seeds should be sown about ½ inch deep. If using seedlings, ensure the root ball is level with the soil surface.
  3. Row Spacing: Space the rows about 12 inches apart to allow for easy access and good air circulation around the plants.
  4. Watering: After planting, water the area thoroughly to settle the soil around the seeds or seedlings. Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged, especially during the early stages of growth.
  5. Mulching: Apply a layer of organic mulch, such as straw or shredded leaves, around the plants. This helps retain moisture, suppress weeds, and insulate the soil during colder months.

Caring for Spring Onions During the Winter Months

Once your spring onions are planted, they will require minimal maintenance during the winter. However, there are a few key tasks to keep in mind:

  1. Watering: While spring onions are relatively drought-tolerant, it’s important to ensure they have adequate moisture, especially during dry spells. Water the plants deeply if there’s no significant rainfall.
  2. Fertilizing: Spring onions benefit from a balanced fertilizer applied at planting. You can use a liquid fertilizer every few weeks during the growing season to encourage healthy growth. Look for fertilizers high in nitrogen to promote leafy growth.
  3. Weed Control: Continue to monitor the area for weeds and remove them as they appear. Weeding regularly will help reduce competition for nutrients and water.
  4. Pest and Disease Management: While spring onions are generally resistant to many pests and diseases, it’s still essential to keep an eye out for issues like onion maggots or fungal diseases. Use organic pesticides or neem oil as needed to control pests.
  5. Frost Protection: In areas where temperatures drop significantly, consider using floating row covers or cloches to protect your spring onions from frost. These can provide an extra layer of insulation during extremely cold weather.

Harvesting Spring Onions

One of the best aspects of growing spring onions is their quick turnaround. Depending on the variety and growing conditions, you can begin harvesting your spring onions within 8 to 12 weeks after planting.

  1. When to Harvest: Spring onions are ready to harvest when they reach about 6 to 8 inches in height. You can harvest them at any stage, from small green tops to mature bulbs, depending on your preference.
  2. Harvesting Technique: To harvest, gently pull the onions from the soil, or use a garden fork to loosen the soil around the base of the onions. Be careful not to damage the surrounding plants if you’re harvesting selectively.
  3. Cutting the Tops: If you only want the bulbs, you can cut the green tops to the desired length and leave the bulbs in the ground to grow larger. This is especially useful if you want a continuous supply of fresh green onions.
  4. Storage: Freshly harvested spring onions can be stored in the refrigerator for up to two weeks. To extend their shelf life, consider freezing them. Chop the green tops and place them in an airtight container or freezer bag.

Common Problems and Solutions When Growing Spring Onions

Even with the best care, you may encounter some challenges while growing spring onions. Here are some common issues and how to address them:

  1. Pests: Onion maggots can be a problem, especially in warmer climates. To deter these pests, use row covers to protect your young plants. You can also practice crop rotation to minimize pest populations.
  2. Diseases: Fungal diseases such as downy mildew can affect spring onions, especially in humid conditions. Ensure good air circulation by spacing plants adequately and avoid overhead watering. If you notice signs of disease, remove affected plants promptly.
  3. Slow Growth: If your spring onions are growing slowly, it may be due to poor soil fertility or inadequate moisture. Conduct a soil test to determine nutrient levels and adjust fertilization as necessary. Ensure consistent watering, especially during dry periods.
  4. Bolting: Spring onions may bolt (flower and go to seed) if they experience stress from extreme temperatures or insufficient nutrients. To prevent bolting, choose appropriate varieties for your climate and ensure they receive adequate care.

Companion Planting with Spring Onions

Companion planting is a great way to maximize your garden’s potential by pairing plants that benefit each other. Spring onions can be effectively grown alongside several other vegetables and herbs, including:

  1. Carrots: The strong scent of spring onions can help deter pests that typically target carrots, while the carrots can help suppress weeds around the onions.
  2. Lettuce: Lettuce benefits from the shade provided by the taller spring onions, while the onions can help repel aphids and other pests.
  3. Beets: Spring onions and beets make excellent companions, as their growing habits complement each other, and they don’t compete for resources.
  4. Tomatoes: Tomatoes and spring onions can thrive together, as the onions can help deter pests that target tomatoes, such as aphids and spider mites.

Conclusion: Enjoy a Bountiful Harvest of Spring Onions

Growing spring onions in November is a fantastic way to extend your gardening season and enjoy fresh produce even during the colder months. With their quick growth cycle and minimal maintenance requirements, spring onions are an excellent addition to any garden. By following the steps outlined in this guide, from selecting the right variety and preparing your garden bed to planting, caring for, and harvesting, you can look forward to a bountiful supply of delicious spring onions.

So grab your gardening tools and get ready to plant your spring onions this November. Your taste buds will thank you when you enjoy fresh, homegrown scallions in your meals throughout the winter and into the spring!

Check out lots more to grow in November here

Growing Asparagus in November

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Growing Asparagus in November: A Step-by-Step Guide for a Successful Spring Harvest

Asparagus is one of the most rewarding and long-lasting crops you can grow in your garden. While it’s traditionally planted in early spring, planting asparagus in November has its advantages, particularly in regions with milder winters. Asparagus is a perennial vegetable that can provide delicious, tender spears year after year with minimal maintenance once established. By planting asparagus in November, you’re giving your plants a head start in establishing strong root systems before the growing season begins.

This comprehensive guide will walk you through everything you need to know about growing asparagus in November, from choosing the right variety and preparing your garden bed to planting, caring for, and harvesting your crop.

Why Plant Asparagus in November?

Although spring is often considered the best time to plant asparagus, late autumn (specifically November) can also be an ideal time for asparagus planting. Here are some benefits to planting asparagus in November:

  • Early Root Establishment: By planting in November, you allow the asparagus crowns to establish their roots over the winter. This can result in stronger plants that are better prepared to produce a bountiful harvest in the spring.
  • Less Competition from Weeds: During the cooler months, weed growth tends to slow down, which means your asparagus plants won’t have to compete as much for nutrients and space.
  • Cool Weather Tolerance: Asparagus is a cold-hardy plant. While it may take time for the shoots to emerge in colder climates, the crowns (roots) are highly resilient and can survive mild frosts with ease.

Choosing the Right Asparagus Varieties for November Planting

When it comes to growing asparagus, choosing the right variety is essential. There are two main types of asparagus:

  1. Green Asparagus: This is the most common type of asparagus and is grown for its tender, flavorful spears. Green asparagus is generally easier to grow and more productive.
  2. Purple Asparagus: Purple asparagus has a slightly sweeter flavor and a more tender texture than green varieties. It is also known to contain higher levels of antioxidants.

When selecting a variety to plant in November, look for cold-tolerant and disease-resistant cultivars. Here are some of the best varieties to consider:

  • ‘Jersey Knight’: Known for its high yield and disease resistance, this variety is ideal for both cold and warm climates. It’s also resistant to rust and fusarium, common asparagus diseases.
  • ‘Mary Washington’: A popular heirloom variety, ‘Mary Washington’ produces thick, tender spears and is well-suited for cooler climates.
  • ‘Purple Passion’: This variety produces vibrant purple spears that are sweeter and more tender than traditional green asparagus. It’s also highly cold-tolerant and suitable for November planting.
  • ‘UC 157’: Originally bred for warm climates, this variety can adapt well to a wide range of conditions, making it a good option for late autumn planting.

Preparing Your Garden Bed for November Asparagus Planting

Asparagus is a long-term investment in your garden, and proper soil preparation is crucial for its success. Because asparagus can remain productive for 15-20 years, it’s important to create an ideal environment for the roots to thrive.

  1. Choose the Right Location: Asparagus needs full sun to grow well, even in the colder months. Choose a sunny spot in your garden that receives at least 6-8 hours of sunlight per day. Asparagus doesn’t like competition from other plants, so it’s best to give it its own dedicated bed.
  2. Soil Requirements: Asparagus thrives in well-drained, fertile soil with a pH of 6.5 to 7.5. Conduct a soil test to check the pH levels and adjust accordingly. If the soil is too acidic, you can add lime to raise the pH.
  3. Improve Soil Fertility: Before planting, enrich the soil with organic matter, such as compost or well-rotted manure. Asparagus is a heavy feeder and benefits from nutrient-rich soil. Adding compost helps improve soil structure, drainage, and fertility, providing the nutrients the crowns need to establish strong root systems.
  4. Ensure Proper Drainage: Asparagus roots are sensitive to waterlogging, which can cause root rot. If your soil tends to retain water, consider planting asparagus in raised beds to improve drainage. Adding sand or organic matter can also help enhance soil drainage.

How to Plant Asparagus Crowns in November

Asparagus is typically grown from crowns, which are the dormant root systems of the plant. You can purchase asparagus crowns from garden centers or online retailers. Here’s how to plant them in November:

  1. Dig Trenches: Begin by digging trenches in your prepared garden bed. The trenches should be about 12-15 inches wide and 6-8 inches deep. Space the trenches about 18-24 inches apart to allow for good air circulation and prevent overcrowding.
  2. Amend the Trenches: Add a layer of compost or well-rotted manure to the bottom of the trench to provide a nutrient-rich base for the crowns. You can also add bone meal or rock phosphate to encourage root development.
  3. Plant the Crowns: Place the asparagus crowns in the trenches, spreading the roots out evenly. Space the crowns about 12-18 inches apart to give each plant enough room to grow. Cover the crowns with 2-3 inches of soil, but don’t fill the trench completely. As the plants grow in the spring, gradually fill the trench with soil until it is level with the rest of the garden bed.
  4. Watering: After planting, water the asparagus crowns thoroughly. Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged during the winter months.

Winter Care for Asparagus Planted in November

Once your asparagus is planted in November, the crowns will start to establish roots underground during the winter. While asparagus is relatively low-maintenance during the cold months, there are a few important steps you can take to ensure your plants are well-protected and ready for spring growth.

  1. Mulching for Winter Protection: Mulch is essential for insulating the soil and protecting the asparagus crowns from extreme cold. Apply a thick layer of organic mulch, such as straw, leaves, or wood chips, over the planting area. This will help regulate soil temperature, prevent frost damage, and suppress weed growth.
  2. Frost Protection: In regions where temperatures drop below freezing, consider adding a row cover or frost blanket over the asparagus bed to provide additional protection from frost. This is especially important for newly planted crowns that may be more vulnerable to cold stress.
  3. Avoid Overwatering: While it’s important to keep the soil moist, avoid overwatering during the winter months, as waterlogged soil can lead to root rot. Check the moisture levels in the soil and only water when necessary, especially if your area experiences prolonged dry periods.
  4. Weed Control: Asparagus does not compete well with weeds, especially during its early growth stages. Although weed growth slows down in winter, it’s still important to keep the area around your asparagus bed weed-free. Gently remove any weeds that appear, taking care not to disturb the crowns.

Spring Growth and Harvesting Asparagus

As the weather warms up in early spring, you’ll start to see asparagus spears emerging from the soil. These tender shoots are what you’ve been waiting for, but patience is key when it comes to harvesting asparagus.

  1. Year One (First Spring): If you planted asparagus crowns in November, resist the temptation to harvest the spears in the first year. Allow the plants to grow and develop a strong root system. Let the spears grow into ferns, which will help the plant store energy for future growth.
  2. Year Two: In the second year, you can begin to harvest a small number of spears, but only for a short period (about two weeks). This allows the plants to continue developing a strong foundation.
  3. Year Three and Beyond: By the third year, your asparagus plants will be fully established, and you can enjoy a full harvest. Harvest spears when they reach about 6-8 inches in height by snapping them off at ground level. Continue harvesting for 6-8 weeks, then allow the remaining spears to grow into ferns to nourish the plants for the next season.

Common Issues and Solutions When Growing Asparagus

Like all crops, asparagus can encounter challenges during its growth cycle. Here are some common issues you may face when growing asparagus and how to address them:

  1. Asparagus Beetles: Asparagus beetles can damage spears and ferns. To control beetle infestations, regularly inspect your plants and remove beetles by hand. You can also apply organic insecticides, such as neem oil, to deter them.
  2. Rust: Asparagus rust is a fungal disease that causes orange-brown spots on the spears and ferns. Prevent rust by ensuring good air circulation, keeping the area weed-free, and avoiding overhead watering. If rust appears, remove and destroy affected plant parts.
  3. Root Rot: Waterlogged soil can lead to root rot, which is particularly problematic for asparagus. Ensure your soil has good drainage and avoid overwatering, especially during the winter months.

Conclusion: Growing Asparagus in November for a Rewarding Harvest

Growing asparagus in November is an excellent way to get a head start on this delicious perennial crop. With the right preparation, care, and attention, you can plant asparagus crowns in late autumn and look forward to a healthy, productive crop for many years to come. By following the steps outlined in this guide, you’ll be well on your way to enjoying fresh, homegrown asparagus each spring. So, grab your gardening tools, prepare your soil, and get ready for a successful November asparagus planting!

Check out lots more to grow in November here

Growing Broad Beans in November

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Growing Broad Beans in November: A Complete Guide to Winter Planting

Broad beans, also known as fava beans, are a nutritious and versatile crop that can be successfully grown during the cooler months. While many gardeners associate broad beans with spring planting, growing them in November is an excellent way to take advantage of their cold tolerance. By planting broad beans in late autumn, you’ll ensure a harvest in early spring, giving you an early start to your gardening season. This comprehensive guide will cover everything you need to know about growing broad beans in November, from choosing the right variety to protecting your plants from winter frost.

Why Grow Broad Beans in November?

Broad beans are one of the hardiest legumes, able to withstand cold weather and light frosts. Planting them in November allows the seeds to establish roots over the winter, and then come spring, the plants will rapidly grow and produce an early harvest. The benefits of growing broad beans in November include:

  • Cold Tolerance: Broad beans can survive temperatures as low as 15°F (-10°C) when properly established.
  • Extended Harvest Time: November planting sets you up for an early spring harvest, leaving space in your garden for summer crops.
  • Reduced Pest Pressure: Many garden pests, such as aphids and blackfly, are less active in colder months, reducing the need for pesticides.
  • Low Maintenance: Broad beans are relatively low-maintenance and require less watering and care when grown in cooler conditions.

Choosing the Best Broad Bean Varieties for November Planting

Not all broad bean varieties are suited for winter growing, so it’s important to choose types that are cold-hardy and can thrive in lower temperatures. Here are some of the best varieties for November planting:

  • Aquadulce Claudia: This is one of the most popular winter-hardy broad bean varieties, known for its ability to tolerate cold weather and produce large, tender beans in early spring.
  • Super Aquadulce: A close relative of the Aquadulce Claudia, this variety is also highly cold-resistant and produces an early, reliable harvest.
  • The Sutton: A dwarf variety that is ideal for smaller gardens or growing in containers. It’s compact and cold-tolerant, making it perfect for winter planting.
  • Masterpiece Green Longpod: Another cold-hardy variety, known for its long pods and prolific yield. It’s a great option for gardeners who want a heavy crop.

Preparing Your Garden for November Broad Bean Planting

Before planting broad beans in November, it’s important to prepare your garden for the cooler months ahead. Good soil preparation and the right growing conditions will help your broad beans establish strong roots and survive the winter. Here’s how to get your garden ready:

  1. Choose the Right Location: Broad beans need plenty of sunlight, even during the cooler months. Choose a location that gets at least 6 hours of sunlight per day. They prefer a sheltered spot that is protected from harsh winds.
  2. Soil Preparation: Broad beans prefer well-drained, fertile soil with a pH between 6.0 and 7.0. Before planting, loosen the soil to a depth of 12 inches (30 cm) and work in plenty of organic matter, such as compost or well-rotted manure. This will improve soil structure and provide nutrients to support early growth.
  3. Improve Drainage: Poor drainage can lead to waterlogged soil, which can rot broad bean seeds or damage their roots. If your soil is heavy clay or prone to waterlogging, consider planting your beans in raised beds or adding sand to improve drainage.
  4. Add Support: Broad beans grow tall and can become top-heavy as they produce pods. To prevent them from collapsing, add supports such as stakes or bamboo canes at the time of planting. You can tie the plants to the stakes as they grow to ensure they remain upright.

Planting Broad Beans in November

Planting broad beans in November is simple, but timing and technique are important to ensure your seeds establish strong roots before winter sets in. Follow these steps for successful planting:

  1. Sow Seeds Directly Outdoors: Broad beans don’t transplant well, so it’s best to sow the seeds directly into the ground in November. If your climate is particularly cold, you can also plant them in cold frames or under cloches for extra protection.
  2. Planting Depth and Spacing: Sow broad bean seeds about 2 inches (5 cm) deep and space them 8-10 inches (20-25 cm) apart in rows that are 18-24 inches (45-60 cm) apart. This spacing allows enough room for the plants to grow and ensures good air circulation, which reduces the risk of fungal diseases.
  3. Mulch for Insulation: After planting, cover the soil with a layer of organic mulch, such as straw, leaves, or compost. Mulch helps retain moisture, regulates soil temperature, and protects the seeds from frost.
  4. Watering: After sowing, water the seeds thoroughly to settle the soil. While broad beans don’t need a lot of water during the winter months, keep the soil slightly moist if the weather is dry. Avoid overwatering, as this can lead to rot.

Protecting Broad Beans from Winter Frost

Broad beans are hardy, but young seedlings may still need protection from extreme cold, especially if temperatures drop below freezing for extended periods. Here are some tips for protecting your broad beans from frost:

  1. Use Row Covers or Fleece: Floating row covers or horticultural fleece can provide an extra layer of protection against frost. These covers trap heat and keep the plants warmer without blocking sunlight. Make sure to secure the edges to prevent cold drafts from getting in.
  2. Install Cold Frames: Cold frames are an excellent way to protect your broad beans from harsh winter conditions. They act as mini greenhouses, keeping the temperature around the plants a few degrees higher and shielding them from wind and frost.
  3. Mulching: A thick layer of mulch can insulate the soil and protect the root zone from freezing. Add a few more inches of mulch if a cold snap is forecasted, but make sure not to smother the plants.
  4. Cloches: For individual plants, you can use cloches, which are dome-shaped covers made from plastic or glass. These create a warm, protected environment for your broad beans and can easily be placed over the seedlings in cold weather.

Caring for Broad Beans Over Winter

Once your broad beans are planted and protected from the cold, they require relatively little care throughout the winter. However, there are a few key maintenance tasks to keep in mind:

  1. Watering: While broad beans don’t need frequent watering during winter, ensure the soil doesn’t dry out completely. Water sparingly, especially if your area experiences dry winters. Avoid waterlogging, as it can damage the roots.
  2. Weeding: Keep the area around your broad beans weed-free, as weeds compete for nutrients and can harbor pests. Use a hoe or hand-pull any weeds that appear.
  3. Pest Control: While many pests are inactive during winter, keep an eye out for slugs and snails, which can damage young broad bean plants. Use organic slug pellets, barriers, or handpick slugs and snails if necessary.
  4. Staking and Supporting: As your broad beans grow, continue to tie them to stakes or supports to prevent them from falling over. This is especially important if your area experiences strong winds during winter.

Harvesting Broad Beans in Spring

The best part of growing broad beans is the early harvest. Depending on the variety and growing conditions, broad beans planted in November will be ready to harvest in early spring, usually around March to April.

  1. When to Harvest: Broad beans are ready to harvest when the pods are fully formed but still tender. The beans inside should be plump but not overly large, as mature beans can become tough and lose their sweet flavor.
  2. How to Harvest: To harvest, simply snap the pods off the plant using your fingers or garden scissors. Harvest regularly to encourage the plants to produce more pods. Once the plants have finished producing, you can cut them down and compost the remains.
  3. Using Broad Beans: Broad beans are incredibly versatile and can be eaten fresh, dried, or frozen for later use. They can be used in soups, stews, salads, and a variety of other dishes. To prepare fresh broad beans, blanch them in boiling water for a few minutes, then peel away the outer skin to reveal the tender beans inside.

Common Problems and Solutions for Growing Broad Beans in Winter

Although broad beans are generally easy to grow, you may encounter some challenges during the winter months. Here are a few common problems and how to solve them:

  1. Fungal Diseases: Cold, damp conditions can lead to fungal diseases such as chocolate spot or downy mildew. Ensure good air circulation by spacing plants appropriately and avoid overwatering. If you notice fungal spots on the leaves, remove affected foliage and apply an organic fungicide if necessary.
  2. Poor Growth: If your broad beans aren’t growing well, it could be due to poor soil fertility. Add a balanced fertilizer or a high-potash feed to give your plants a nutrient boost.
  3. Blackfly Infestation: Although blackfly pests are more common in spring, they can still affect broad beans planted in November. Pinch off the tops of the plants once they start flowering to discourage blackfly from feeding.

Conclusion: Enjoy the Rewards of Growing Broad Beans in November

Growing broad beans in November is a smart way to take advantage of their cold tolerance and enjoy an early spring harvest.

Check out lots more to grow in November here

Growing Peas in November: A Comprehensive Guide to Cold Weather Planting

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Growing Peas in November: A Comprehensive Guide to Cold Weather Planting

Peas are a favorite crop for gardeners due to their versatility, nutritional value, and delicious taste. While many associate pea planting with early spring, growing peas in November is a great way to extend your gardening season. By choosing the right varieties and utilizing cold-weather gardening techniques, you can successfully plant and grow peas in the cooler months. This article will explore everything you need to know about growing peas in November, from choosing the best types of peas to optimizing growing conditions.

Why Grow Peas in November?

November might seem like an unconventional time to plant peas, but it can actually be a strategic decision. Depending on your location and climate, peas thrive in cooler temperatures, and growing them in the fall can reduce the risks of pests and diseases that are more prevalent in the warmer months. Peas are hardy, resilient plants that can handle mild frosts, making them an excellent candidate for late-season planting.

There are several advantages to growing peas in November:

  • Cool Weather Suits Peas: Peas prefer temperatures between 55°F and 70°F (12°C – 21°C). November provides cooler, more stable temperatures, ideal for pea growth.
  • Reduced Pests and Diseases: Common garden pests, like aphids, are less active in cooler weather, allowing for a more organic approach to gardening.
  • Optimized Growing Schedule: Planting peas in November ensures an early spring harvest, giving you more space in your garden for summer crops.

Choosing the Right Pea Varieties for November Planting

When growing peas in cooler months, it’s essential to select varieties that are well-suited for cold weather. There are three main types of peas:

  1. Shelling Peas (English Peas): These peas are grown primarily for the peas inside the pods. The pods are not typically eaten.
  2. Snow Peas: Snow peas are known for their flat, edible pods and are often used in stir-fries and salads.
  3. Snap Peas: Snap peas have plump, edible pods and are a sweet, crunchy variety that is perfect for eating fresh or cooked.

For November planting, it’s crucial to select cold-hardy pea varieties that can withstand light frost and lower temperatures. Some of the best cold-tolerant varieties include:

  • ‘Alaska’: A fast-growing, cold-hardy variety that matures quickly, making it ideal for late fall planting.
  • ‘Green Arrow’: A popular heirloom variety known for its disease resistance and ability to thrive in cooler weather.
  • ‘Oregon Sugar Pod’ (Snow Peas): These snow peas are cold-hardy and mature early, making them perfect for November planting.
  • ‘Sugar Ann’: This snap pea variety is known for its sweet flavor and ability to tolerate cooler temperatures.

Preparing Your Soil for November Pea Planting

Proper soil preparation is key to ensuring your peas thrive during the cooler months. Peas prefer well-drained, fertile soil with a slightly acidic to neutral pH (6.0 to 7.5). Follow these steps to prepare your soil for planting peas in November:

  1. Choose the Right Location: Peas prefer full sun, even in cooler months. Choose a location in your garden that receives at least 6-8 hours of sunlight per day.
  2. Amend the Soil: If your soil is lacking in nutrients, enrich it by adding organic matter like compost or well-rotted manure. Peas are light feeders, but they benefit from a nutrient-rich growing medium.
  3. Ensure Good Drainage: Peas do not like waterlogged soil, which can lead to root rot. If your garden soil is heavy or clay-like, consider creating raised beds or adding sand to improve drainage.
  4. Add a Support System: Most pea varieties require some form of support, especially tall-growing types like shelling peas. Install trellises, stakes, or pea netting before planting to avoid disturbing the roots later on.

Planting Peas in November

Now that your soil is ready, it’s time to plant your peas. Follow these steps for a successful November pea planting:

  1. Soak the Seeds: Pea seeds can take longer to germinate in cooler temperatures. To speed up germination, soak your pea seeds in water for 12-24 hours before planting. This helps soften the seed coat and promotes faster sprouting.
  2. Planting Depth and Spacing: Plant your pea seeds about 1 to 1.5 inches deep and space them 2-3 inches apart in rows that are 18-24 inches apart. Proper spacing ensures good airflow between plants, reducing the risk of disease.
  3. Mulch: After planting, cover the soil with a light layer of mulch (such as straw or leaves) to insulate the seeds and retain moisture. Mulching also helps to regulate soil temperature, protecting your peas from frost damage.
  4. Watering: Peas need consistent moisture to germinate and grow. Water your seeds immediately after planting, and keep the soil consistently moist (but not waterlogged) throughout the growing season. In cooler weather, watering once or twice a week should suffice.

Managing Cold Weather and Frost Protection

Peas are naturally frost-tolerant, but extreme cold spells can still damage young plants. To protect your November-planted peas, consider using the following methods:

  1. Row Covers: Floating row covers or frost blankets provide an extra layer of insulation for your pea plants, protecting them from frost and cold winds while still allowing sunlight and rain to penetrate.
  2. Cold Frames: A cold frame is a small, unheated greenhouse that can be placed over your pea plants to protect them from frost and extend the growing season. Cold frames are especially useful in regions with harsh winters.
  3. Mulching for Insulation: A thick layer of organic mulch, such as straw or shredded leaves, can help insulate the soil and protect the roots of your pea plants from freezing temperatures.
  4. Cloches: Individual cloches, which are small plastic or glass covers, can be placed over young pea plants to provide protection from frost and harsh weather.

Caring for Your Pea Plants in Winter

Once your peas are planted and growing, it’s important to care for them throughout the winter to ensure a healthy harvest in the spring.

  1. Watering: Even though the weather is cooler, your pea plants still need regular watering. Keep an eye on the moisture levels in the soil, especially during dry spells, and water as needed to keep the soil slightly damp.
  2. Fertilizing: Peas are legumes, which means they have the ability to fix nitrogen from the air into the soil. Because of this, they generally don’t require heavy fertilization. However, if your soil is particularly poor, you can apply a balanced, slow-release fertilizer or fish emulsion once the plants are established.
  3. Weeding: Peas do not compete well with weeds, so it’s important to keep the area around your plants weed-free. Use shallow cultivation to avoid damaging the shallow root system of the pea plants.
  4. Pest Control: Although many pests are less active in colder weather, it’s still essential to keep an eye out for any potential threats. Aphids and slugs may still pose a problem in some areas. Organic insecticidal soap can help control aphids, while handpicking or using barriers can help with slugs.

Harvesting Peas Planted in November

The best part of growing peas is the harvest. Depending on the variety you planted, your peas will be ready for harvest anywhere between 60-90 days after planting, which means your November planting will be ready to pick by late winter or early spring.

  • Shelling Peas: Harvest shelling peas when the pods are plump but before the peas inside become too large. If left too long, the peas can become starchy and lose their sweetness.
  • Snow Peas: Snow peas should be harvested when the pods are still flat and tender. They can be eaten whole, pod and all.
  • Snap Peas: Snap peas are best harvested when the pods are plump but still tender. They can be eaten raw or cooked, and both the pod and peas are edible.

To harvest peas, simply use your fingers or scissors to pinch the pods from the vine. Be careful not to damage the plant, as peas often produce a second flush of pods.

Storing and Preserving Peas

Once harvested, peas can be enjoyed fresh, but they also freeze well for later use. To freeze peas, blanch them in boiling water for 1-2 minutes, then transfer them to an ice water bath to stop the cooking process. Once cooled, drain the peas, and spread them on a baking sheet to freeze individually before transferring them to a freezer-safe bag or container.

Conclusion: Enjoy the Fruits of Your November Pea Planting

Growing peas in November is a rewarding experience that allows you to extend your gardening season and enjoy fresh produce during the cooler months. With the right varieties, soil preparation, and care, you can successfully grow peas even in colder climates. By following the tips in this guide, you’ll be well on your way to enjoying a bountiful harvest of peas by early spring. So, grab your seeds, prepare your garden, and start growing peas in November!

Check out lots more to grow in November here

Growing Garlic in November

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Growing Garlic in November: A Complete Guide for a Bountiful Harvest

Garlic is an essential ingredient in kitchens around the world, and growing your own is a rewarding and straightforward task. Planting garlic in November can set you up for a bountiful harvest the following summer. Garlic is a hardy crop, and its ability to thrive in cold weather makes it perfect for fall planting. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll take you through everything you need to know about growing garlic in November, including the best varieties, soil preparation, planting techniques, care, and harvesting.

Why Plant Garlic in November?

Planting garlic in November allows the bulbs to establish roots during the cooler months. The cold winter weather encourages the cloves to split and develop into full bulbs. By the time spring arrives, your garlic will have a head start, ensuring a robust crop in the summer.

Benefits of Planting Garlic in November:

  • Cold-hardy: Garlic thrives in cool weather and can withstand frosts and snow.
  • Early harvest: Fall planting ensures garlic is ready for harvest by mid-to-late summer, allowing room in your garden for other crops.
  • Low maintenance: Once established, garlic requires minimal care over the winter months.
  • Pest-resistant: Garlic has natural pest-repelling properties, making it a companion plant for other crops.

Choosing the Right Garlic Varieties

There are two main types of garlic you can plant: hardneck and softneck. Each variety has its unique benefits, and choosing the right one will depend on your local climate and growing preferences.

Hardneck Garlic

  • Best for cold climates: Hardneck garlic is well-suited to colder regions, making it an ideal choice for November planting.
  • Distinct flavor: It has a more complex flavor compared to softneck garlic, often described as robust and spicy.
  • Produces scapes: Hardneck varieties produce garlic scapes, which are the curly green shoots that appear in early summer. These scapes are edible and can be harvested for culinary use.
  • Shorter storage life: While hardneck garlic has a rich flavor, it typically doesn’t store as long as softneck varieties.

Softneck Garlic

  • Best for mild climates: Softneck garlic is better suited for warmer climates but can still be grown in cooler areas with the right care.
  • Milder flavor: Softneck garlic tends to have a milder flavor compared to hardneck varieties.
  • Longer storage life: This type of garlic can be stored for up to 9 months, making it a good choice for those who want to keep their garlic for a longer period.

Popular Garlic Varieties for November Planting:

  1. ‘Chesnok Red’ (Hardneck): Known for its strong flavor and good storage capacity, this variety is a favorite among garlic growers.
  2. ‘Music’ (Hardneck): A popular variety with large cloves and excellent winter hardiness.
  3. ‘California Early’ (Softneck): This variety matures earlier in the season and has a milder flavor, with a long shelf life.
  4. ‘Inchelium Red’ (Softneck): A favorite for its rich flavor and adaptability to various climates.

Preparing Your Garden for Garlic

Garlic thrives in well-drained, fertile soil and requires adequate sunlight to develop into large, healthy bulbs. Before planting, it’s essential to prepare your garden properly to give your garlic the best possible start.

Soil Preparation

Garlic grows best in loose, well-draining soil with a slightly acidic to neutral pH (between 6.0 and 7.0). Heavy, compacted soils can cause waterlogging, which may lead to bulb rot. Follow these steps to prepare your garden for planting:

  1. Clear the planting area: Remove any weeds, rocks, or debris from the garden bed. Garlic doesn’t compete well with weeds, so starting with a clean bed is essential.
  2. Amend the soil: If your soil is heavy or clay-like, mix in organic matter such as compost or well-rotted manure to improve drainage and fertility. Garlic prefers rich, fertile soil to support bulb development.
  3. Test the pH: Use a soil test kit to check the pH level. If the soil is too acidic, add lime to raise the pH. If it’s too alkaline, sulfur can be used to lower it.
  4. Fertilize: Incorporate a balanced fertilizer or one that is high in phosphorus (like bone meal) into the soil before planting. This will help encourage root growth during the winter months.

Choosing the Right Planting Location

Garlic needs full sun to grow properly, so choose a location in your garden that receives at least 6 to 8 hours of sunlight per day. Garlic also prefers well-drained soil, so avoid low-lying areas where water may pool after rain. Good air circulation is also important to prevent fungal diseases.

Planting Garlic in November

Once your soil is prepared, it’s time to plant your garlic. Whether you are using seed garlic or garlic bulbs purchased from a garden center, follow these steps to ensure successful planting.

Step-by-Step Garlic Planting Guide

  1. Separate the cloves: Gently break apart the garlic bulb into individual cloves, being careful not to damage the base of each clove. Choose the largest and healthiest cloves for planting, as they will produce the best bulbs.
  2. Plant the cloves: Plant each garlic clove about 2 to 3 inches deep, with the pointed end facing up and the flat (root) end facing down. Space the cloves 4 to 6 inches apart in rows that are 12 to 18 inches apart. Proper spacing allows for good air circulation and room for bulb development.
  3. Cover the cloves: Lightly cover the garlic cloves with soil and firm it down gently. This will ensure good soil contact and help the cloves establish roots before winter.
  4. Mulch: After planting, cover the garlic bed with a thick layer of mulch, such as straw, leaves, or compost. Mulching helps regulate soil temperature, retain moisture, and suppress weeds. It also provides additional protection for the garlic during cold winter months.

Caring for Garlic Through Winter

Garlic is relatively low-maintenance, especially when planted in the fall. However, a few simple steps can ensure your garlic survives the winter and thrives come spring.

Watering

After planting, water your garlic thoroughly to help the cloves settle into the soil. Garlic doesn’t require much water during the winter, as natural rainfall is usually sufficient. However, if you experience an unusually dry winter, check the soil moisture periodically. Water sparingly if the soil becomes dry, but avoid overwatering, as this can lead to rot.

Mulching

Mulch plays a crucial role in protecting garlic during the winter. A thick layer of mulch helps insulate the soil and prevent temperature fluctuations that can stress the plants. It also reduces weed growth, which can compete with garlic for nutrients. In the spring, once the danger of frost has passed, you can gradually remove some of the mulch to allow the garlic shoots to emerge.

Weed Control

Weeds can be a problem for garlic, as they compete for nutrients and water. Keep the garlic bed as weed-free as possible, especially during the early stages of growth. Hand-pull any weeds that appear, being careful not to disturb the garlic cloves or roots.

Fertilizing in Spring

As the weather warms up and your garlic begins to grow in the spring, it’s a good idea to feed your plants with a nitrogen-rich fertilizer. Apply a balanced organic fertilizer, such as fish emulsion or blood meal, in early spring to encourage strong leaf and bulb development.

Common Garlic Pests and Diseases

While garlic is relatively pest-resistant, it’s not entirely immune to problems. Here are some common pests and diseases to watch out for:

  • Onion maggots: These small white maggots feed on the roots of garlic plants, causing stunted growth or bulb rot. To prevent infestations, use crop rotation and avoid planting garlic in the same spot year after year.
  • Rust: Garlic rust is a fungal disease that causes orange or yellow spots on the leaves. To prevent rust, ensure good air circulation around your plants and avoid overhead watering.
  • White rot: This soil-borne disease causes garlic bulbs to rot. It thrives in cool, moist conditions, so proper drainage and crop rotation are essential for preventing white rot.

When and How to Harvest Garlic

Garlic planted in November will be ready to harvest the following summer, typically between June and July. The exact timing depends on the variety and local climate, but there are a few signs to look for to determine when your garlic is ready to harvest.

Signs That Garlic Is Ready to Harvest:

  1. Yellowing leaves: When the lower leaves of the garlic plant begin to turn yellow and die back, it’s a sign that the bulbs are maturing.
  2. Leaf dieback: Once about half of the plant’s leaves have died, it’s time to harvest. Don’t wait too long, as over-mature garlic can split open in the ground, reducing its storage life.
  3. Bulb size: Gently dig up a test bulb to check its size. If the bulbs are large and fully formed, it’s time to harvest.

How to Harvest Garlic:

  1. Dig up the bulbs: Use a garden fork or spade to gently lift the garlic bulbs out of the soil. Be careful not to damage the bulbs, as this can reduce their storage life.
  2. **Curing the garlic**: After harvesting, allow the garlic to cure in a warm, dry, and well-ventilated area for two to three weeks. This process helps the bulbs dry out and develop a protective papery skin, which is essential for long-term storage.
  3. Storage: Once cured, store your garlic in a cool, dry place. Hardneck garlic typically lasts for about 4 to 6 months, while softneck varieties can last up to 9 months.

Conclusion

Growing garlic in November is a rewarding and low-maintenance task that yields delicious results. With proper soil preparation, planting techniques, and care, you’ll be harvesting flavorful garlic bulbs by summer. Whether you’re a seasoned gardener or a beginner, garlic is an easy crop to grow that will enhance your meals and garden for years to come. Follow the steps in this guide to ensure a successful garlic harvest and enjoy the satisfaction of homegrown garlic.

Check out lots more to grow in November here

The Ultimate Guide to Growing Autumn Onions in November

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The Ultimate Guide to Growing Autumn Onions in November

Autumn onions are a fantastic crop to grow, particularly for gardeners looking to extend their growing season into the cooler months. Planting onions in November is a great way to ensure an early harvest by late spring or early summer. These hardy vegetables thrive in the cold, making them an ideal choice for autumn and winter gardening. In this guide, we’ll walk you through everything you need to know about planting and growing autumn onions, including tips on preparation, planting, care, and harvesting.

Why Grow Autumn Onions?

Onions are a versatile and essential ingredient in many kitchens, and growing your own can be incredibly rewarding. Autumn onions, also known as overwintering onions or Japanese onions, are varieties that are sown in the fall and harvested the following summer. They are specifically bred to withstand colder temperatures, meaning they can survive frost and even snow, making them perfect for planting in November.

Some benefits of growing autumn onions include:

  • Extended growing season: By planting in November, you take advantage of the cooler months when the soil is still workable, and your onions can establish roots before winter.
  • Early harvest: Autumn onions are ready for harvest in June or July, giving you a head start on the growing season.
  • Low maintenance: Once established, autumn onions require minimal care and can largely be left to grow on their own through the winter.
  • Cold-resistant: These onions are bred to thrive in cold weather, ensuring a reliable crop despite harsh conditions.

Choosing the Right Onion Varieties for Autumn Planting

When growing onions in November, it’s essential to select the right variety. Not all onions are suited for cold weather planting, so choosing the appropriate type will ensure a successful harvest. The most popular varieties for autumn planting include:

  1. ‘Senshyu Yellow’: A reliable Japanese onion variety that is known for its hardiness. It produces medium-sized bulbs with a mild, sweet flavor.
  2. ‘Radar’: Another excellent choice for autumn planting, ‘Radar’ onions are hardy, producing large, golden bulbs with a robust flavor.
  3. ‘Electric Red’: This variety produces attractive red onions with a mild taste. It’s slightly less hardy than some yellow varieties, but still performs well in most climates.
  4. ‘Troy’: This is a fast-growing variety that is well-suited for colder temperatures, offering a reliable crop of firm, golden onions.

When selecting onion sets or seeds for autumn planting, make sure to choose varieties labeled specifically for overwintering or autumn planting.

Preparing Your Garden for Autumn Onions

Before planting your autumn onions in November, it’s essential to prepare your garden beds to give your crop the best possible start.

Soil Preparation

Onions prefer well-draining, fertile soil with a pH between 6.0 and 7.0. They thrive in loose, sandy loam but can adapt to various soil types as long as it’s not too compacted. To prepare your soil for onions:

  1. Clear the bed: Remove any weeds, rocks, or debris from the planting area. Onions don’t compete well with weeds, so starting with a clean bed is crucial.
  2. Improve drainage: If your soil is heavy or clay-like, amend it with organic matter such as compost or well-rotted manure. This will help improve drainage and add essential nutrients.
  3. Test your soil: Use a soil test kit to check the pH and nutrient levels. Onions prefer a slightly acidic to neutral soil. If your soil is too acidic, add lime to raise the pH.
  4. Fertilize: Before planting, incorporate a balanced fertilizer into the soil, such as a 10-10-10 (Nitrogen-Phosphorus-Potassium) fertilizer. This will provide your onions with the nutrients they need to establish strong roots before winter.

Choosing the Planting Location

Onions need full sunlight to thrive, so choose a location in your garden that receives at least six hours of direct sunlight each day. The more sunlight, the larger your onions will grow. Also, consider rotating your crops. Avoid planting onions in the same spot where you’ve grown onions, garlic, or other alliums in the past two years to prevent disease buildup in the soil.

How to Plant Autumn Onions in November

Once your garden bed is prepared, it’s time to plant your autumn onions. You can plant either onion sets (small bulbs) or seeds, but sets are generally more reliable for novice gardeners and will produce faster results.

Planting Onion Sets

  1. Spacing: Plant your onion sets about 4 inches apart in rows that are 12 inches apart. This spacing allows for adequate air circulation and room for the bulbs to grow.
  2. Planting depth: Push the onion sets into the soil so that the pointed end is facing upwards. The tip of the bulb should be just below the surface of the soil.
  3. Firm the soil: Gently press down the soil around each set to ensure good contact between the bulb and the soil. This helps the onions establish roots quickly.

Planting Onion Seeds

If you prefer to grow onions from seed, follow these steps:

  1. Sow seeds: Sow onion seeds about 1/4 inch deep in rows spaced 12 inches apart. Thin the seedlings once they emerge to maintain a spacing of about 4 inches between each plant.
  2. Cover the seeds: Lightly cover the seeds with soil and water gently. Keep the soil moist until the seeds germinate, which can take up to 10 days.
  3. Protect from birds: Birds are known to peck at freshly planted onions, especially when the shoots first appear. Use netting or row covers to protect your onions from birds.

Caring for Autumn Onions Through Winter

Once planted, autumn onions require minimal care, but a few key steps will ensure a healthy crop.

Watering

While onions don’t require much water during the winter months, it’s essential to keep the soil slightly moist as the bulbs establish roots. Once the cold sets in, natural rainfall should provide enough moisture, but check the soil occasionally to ensure it doesn’t dry out completely. Avoid overwatering, as soggy soil can lead to rot.

Mulching

Adding a layer of mulch, such as straw or compost, around your onions will help regulate soil temperature, retain moisture, and suppress weeds. Mulching also provides extra protection against harsh winter conditions.

Weed Control

Weeds compete with onions for nutrients and water, so keep your onion bed weed-free. Carefully remove any weeds that appear, making sure not to disturb the onion bulbs.

Pest and Disease Management

Autumn onions are generally hardy and resistant to pests, but it’s still essential to monitor your crop. Common onion pests include:

  • Onion fly: These flies lay eggs near the base of the plant, and the larvae burrow into the bulbs. Use row covers or fine netting to prevent this pest from reaching your onions.
  • Slugs and snails: These pests can nibble on the shoots. Handpick slugs or set up slug traps to keep them away.

In terms of diseases, onions can be susceptible to fungal infections such as downy mildew or white rot. To prevent these diseases, avoid overwatering, ensure proper air circulation, and rotate crops each year.

Harvesting Your Autumn Onions

After a long winter, your onions will be ready for harvest by June or July. You’ll know they’re ready when the green tops begin to yellow and flop over. At this point, the bulbs have reached full size, and you can start lifting them out of the ground.

  1. Harvesting: Gently lift the onions from the soil using a garden fork or spade, taking care not to damage the bulbs.
  2. Curing: Once harvested, allow the onions to cure in a warm, dry, and well-ventilated area for a couple of weeks. This process helps toughen the skins and prepares them for storage.
  3. Storing: After curing, trim the tops and roots, and store your onions in a cool, dry place. Properly cured onions can last for several months, providing you with a homegrown supply of onions well into the fall.

Common Problems When Growing Autumn Onions

While autumn onions are generally easy to grow, you may encounter a few common issues:

  • Bolting: Onions can bolt (flower prematurely) if they experience fluctuating temperatures or stress. To reduce the risk, make sure you plant at the right time and avoid disturbing the plants.
  • Small bulbs: If your onions produce small bulbs, it could be due to overcrowding, lack of sunlight, or insufficient nutrients. Ensure proper spacing, adequate sun exposure, and regular feeding for optimal growth.
  • Rot: Overwatering or poor drainage can lead to bulb rot. Always check your soil’s moisture levels and ensure good drainage.

Conclusion

Growing autumn onions in November is a rewarding and straightforward way to enjoy an early harvest of one of the kitchen’s most essential ingredients. By choosing the right varieties, preparing your soil correctly, and providing basic care through the winter, you can ensure a healthy crop come June or July. With the tips in this guide, you’ll be well on your way to growing delicious, homegrown onions that will enhance your garden and your meals.

So grab your onion sets, prepare your beds, and get planting—your garden will thank you in the spring!

Check out lots more to grow in November here

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